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Visual detection of pulselessness by carotid artery sonography - A prospective observational study among medical students.
Resuscitation
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Marburg, Germany. Electronic address:
Aim: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine whether medical students with little to no ultrasound experience could correctly distinguish between 'pulsation present' and 'no pulsation present' after a short introductory video on the subject using ultrasound videos of the common carotid artery (CCA).
Methods: Ultrasound videos (B-mode, M-mode, and Color Doppler) of pulsatile (systolic blood pressure 70-80 mmHg) and non-pulsatile (cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, clamped aorta) CCA were created. These were demonstrated to the medical students for a period of ten seconds - corresponding to the duration of the manual pulse palpation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
The impact of blood viscosity modeling on computational fluid dynamic simulations of pediatric patients with Fontan circulation.
Phys Fluids (1994)
November 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
For univentricular heart patients, the Fontan circulation presents a unique pathophysiology due to chronic non-pulsatile low-shear-rate pulmonary blood flow, where non-Newtonian effects are likely substantial. This study evaluates the influence of non-Newtonian behavior of blood on fluid dynamics and energetic efficiency in pediatric patient-specific models of the Fontan circulation. We used immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method simulations to compare Newtonian and non-Newtonian viscosity models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of extra-corporeal membrane oxygenator cannulae in pulsatile and non-pulsatile pediatric mock circuits.
Artif Organs
October 2024
ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Article Synopsis
- - This study assessed how well different types of arterial and venous cannulae perform in a pediatric ECMO setup under both pulsatile and non-pulsatile flow conditions.
- - The researchers found that in pulsatile flow, lower pump speeds were needed, and the flow increase in the mock circuit was less significant, while non-pulsatile conditions resulted in higher pressures and overall energy levels.
- - The conclusion suggested that non-pulsatile conditions offer better support with higher total hemodynamic energy, but pulsatile conditions are more physiological and are recommended for testing ECMO systems.
Peripheral perfusion index of pulse oximetry in adult patients: a narrative review.
Eur J Med Res
September 2024
State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China.
The peripheral perfusion index (PI) is derived from pulse oximetry and is defined as the ratio of the pulse wave of the pulsatile portion (arteries) to the non-pulsatile portion (venous and other tissues). A growing number of clinical studies have supported the use of PI in various clinical scenarios, such as guiding hemodynamic management and serving as an indicator of outcome and organ function. In this review, we will introduce and discuss this traditional but neglected indicator of the peripheral microcirculatory perfusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the bias: how skin color influences oxygen saturation readings via Monte Carlo simulations.
J Biomed Opt
June 2024
University of Nottingham, Optics and Photonics Research Group and Centre for Healthcare Technologies, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Significance: Our goal is to understand the root cause of reported oxygen saturation ( ) overestimation in heavily pigmented skin types to devise solutions toward enabling equity in pulse oximeter designs.
Aim: We aim to gain theoretical insights into the effect of skin tone on curves using a three-dimensional, four-layer tissue model representing a finger.
Approach: A finger tissue model, comprising the epidermis, dermis, two arteries, and a bone, was developed using a Monte Carlo-based approach in the MCmatlab software.
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