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Subclavian Ansae Stimulation on Cardiac Hemodynamics and Electrophysiology in Atrial Fibrillation: A Target for Sympathetic Neuromodulation.
JACC Clin Electrophysiol
December 2024
St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Background: The sympathetic autonomic nervous system plays a major role in arrhythmia development and maintenance. Historical preclinical studies describe preferential increases in cardiac sympathetic tone upon selective stimulation of the subclavian ansae (SA), a nerve cord encircling the subclavian artery.
Objectives: This study sought to define, for the first time, the functional anatomy and physiology of the SA in humans using a percutaneous approach.
Hypoxia Regulates Brown Adipocyte Differentiation and Stimulates miR-210 by HIF-1α.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short sequences of single-stranded non-coding RNAs that target messenger RNAs, leading to their repression or decay. Interestingly, miRNAs play a role in the cellular response to low oxygen levels, known as hypoxia, which is associated with reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. However, the physiological implications of hypoxia-induced miRNAs ("hypoxamiRs") remain largely unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentifying the most effective acute stress induction methods for producing SAM- and HPA-related physiological responses: a meta-analysis.
Anxiety Stress Coping
January 2025
Neuroendocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Background And Objectives: Laboratory-based stress inductions are commonly used to elicit acute stress but vary widely in their procedures and effectiveness. We compared the effects of stress induction techniques on measures of two major biological stress systems: the early sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM) and the delayed hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response.
Design: A review and meta-analysis to examine the relationship between stress induction techniques on cardiorespiratory and salivary measures of SAM and HPA system activity.
Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity: A common consequence of traumatic brain injury.
Auton Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Rafiqi H J Shaheed Road, Karachi, Pakistan. Electronic address:
Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity (PSH) is a challenging and often underrecognized syndrome, commonly arising after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Characterized by episodic bursts of heightened sympathetic activity, PSH presents with a distinct constellation of symptoms including hypertension, tachycardia, hyperthermia, and diaphoresis. While the exact pathophysiology remains elusive, current evidence suggests that the syndrome results from an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neuronal pathways within the central nervous system, leading to dysregulated autonomic responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPregnenolone effects on parasympathetic response to stress and alcohol cue provocation in treatment-seeking individuals with alcohol use disorder.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res (Hoboken)
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, The Yale Stress Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Background: Chronic alcohol consumption in alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with autonomic nervous system dysregulation, increasing cardiovascular risk, and high alcohol cravings. Heart rate variability (HRV), a marker of autonomic nervous system responsiveness to stressors, may mediate alcohol's impact on the cardiovascular system. While pregnenolone (PREG) has been shown to normalize heart rate and blood pressure in individuals with AUD, its effects on sympathetic and parasympathetic components of HRV and related alcohol craving are not known.
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