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Detoxification of V-Nerve Agents Assisted by a Microperoxidase: New Pathway Revealed by the Use of a Relevant VX Simulant.
Chembiochem
August 2024
Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA, F-76000, Rouen, France.
The biocatalyzed oxidative detoxification of the V-series simulant PhX, by mean of the microperoxidase AcMP11, affords the corresponding phosphonothioate as the prominent product instead of the classical P-S and P-O bond cleavage. While PhX is structurally very close to the live agent VX (the methyl group is replaced by a phenyl), assessment with other surrogates missing the nucleophilic amino function displayed more resistance under the same conditions with no phosphonothioate observed. These encouraging results highlight 1) the efficacy of AcMP11 microperoxidase to efficiently detoxify V-series organophosphorus nerve agents (OPNA), and 2) the necessity to use representative alkyl or aryl phosphonothioates simulants such as PhX bearing the appropriate side chain as well as the P-O and P-S cleavable bond to mimic accurately the V-series OPNA to prevent false positive or false negative results.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTuning the Envelope Structure of Enzyme Nanoreactors for In Vivo Detoxification of Organophosphates.
Int J Mol Sci
October 2023
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia.
Encapsulated phosphotriesterase nanoreactors show their efficacy in the prophylaxis and post-exposure treatment of poisoning by paraoxon. A new enzyme nanoreactor (E-nRs) containing an evolved multiple mutant (L72C/Y97F/Y99F/W263V/I280T) of phosphotriesterase (PTE) for in vivo detoxification of organophosphorous compounds (OP) was made. A comparison of nanoreactors made of three- and di-block copolymers was carried out.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrganophosphorus and carbamate pesticides: Molecular toxicology and laboratory testing.
Clin Chim Acta
November 2023
Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India. Electronic address:
Population and food requirements are increasing daily throughout the world. To fulfil these requirements application of pesticides is also increasing. Organophosphorous (OP) and Organocarbamate (OC) compounds are widely used pesticides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPesticide exposure and asthma morbidity in children residing in urban, multi-family housing.
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol
March 2024
Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Background: Children are potentially more susceptible to the adverse effects of pesticides due to more sensitive organ systems and lower capacity to metabolize and eliminate chemicals compared to adults. The health risks are particularly concerning children with asthma, living in low-income neighborhoods in multi-family housing because of their impaired respiratory health, and factors associated with low-income, multi-family environments.
Objective: To assess the association between pesticide exposure and asthma morbidity among children 7-12 years residing in low-income, multi-family housing.
Advancing Fifth Percentile Hazard Concentration Estimation Using Toxicity-Normalized Species Sensitivity Distributions.
Environ Sci Technol
December 2022
Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, Florida32561, United States.
The species sensitivity distribution (SSD) is an internationally accepted approach to hazard estimation using the probability distribution of toxicity values that is representative of the sensitivity of a group of species to a chemical. Application of SSDs in ecological risk assessment has been limited by insufficient taxonomic diversity of species to estimate a statistically robust fifth percentile hazard concentration (HC5). We used the toxicity-normalized SSD (SSDn) approach, (Lambert, F.
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