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Not too much, not too little. Titrating flow rate to minimise inspiratory effort during helmet CPAP: A bench study.

Pulmonology

December 2025

Department of Emergency and Intensive Care, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei tintori, Monza, Italy.

Background: Non-invasive helmet respiratory support is suitable for several clinical conditions. Continuous-flow helmet CPAP systems equipped with HEPA filters have become popular during the recent Coronavirus pandemic. However, HEPA filters generate an overpressure above the set PEEP.

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A high-resolution view of the immune and stromal cell response to infection in human volunteers.

mBio

January 2025

Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics and Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.

causes the genital ulcer disease chancroid and cutaneous ulcers in children. To study its pathogenesis, we developed a human challenge model in which we infect the skin on the upper arm of human volunteers with to the pustular stage of disease. The model has been used to define lesional architecture, describe the immune infiltrate into the infected sites using flow cytometry, and explore the molecular basis of the immune response using bulk RNA-seq.

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Global regional and national burden of intracerebral hemorrhage between 1990 and 2021.

Sci Rep

January 2025

Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) represents one of the most devastating forms of stroke, characterized by spontaneous bleeding into the brain parenchyma. This neurological emergency carries a substantial burden of mortality and long-term disability worldwide. A comprehensive understanding of ICH's evolving global impact from 1990 to 2021 remains essential for healthcare planning and resource allocation.

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Cerclage in singleton pregnancies with no prior spontaneous PTB and short cervix: a randomized controlled trial.

Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM

January 2025

Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University.

Background: PTB (PTB) remains a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Cerclage for short cervical length (CL) ≤25mm in singletons with a history of spontaneous PTB is associated with decreased neonatal morbidity/mortality. Both vaginal progesterone and cerclage individually have level 1 evidence supporting benefit in prevention of PTB in pregnancies complicated by short CL, however there is a paucity of level 1 evidence regarding the potential benefit of cerclage with progesterone compared to progesterone alone for short CL ≤25mm in singletons without a history of spontaneous PTB.

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Objective: Although the efficacy of high-flow nasal oxygen therapy in delaying or avoiding intubation in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure has been studied, its potential for facilitating early weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation remains unexplored.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 80 adults with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for > 48 hours were enrolled and divided into two groups: conventional weaning and early weaning via high-flow nasal oxygen. In the conventional weaning group, the spontaneous breathing trial was performed after the PaO2/FiO2 ratio was ≥ 200, whereas in the high-flow nasal oxygen group, the spontaneous breathing trial was conducted earlier when the PaO2/FiO2 ratio was 150 - 200.

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