FSH (50 mu/rat X 12 days), ICSH (in the same dosis) and gonadotropinum sericum (20 U/rat X 13 days) have a prevailing inhibitory influence on the motor activity in untrained or/and trained rats. TSH raises the motor performance but significantly only in great doses (1.5 IU/100g body weight X 13 days). GH (0.1 and 0.5 mg/rat X 16 days) reduces the favourable effects of moderate training on the run performance. A part of these results could be explained by the studied biochemical changes.
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Phytother Res
January 2025
Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
This narrative review describes the provenance and chemical composition of Vitex agnus-castus, as well as the currently available knowledge concerning its action. To search the related articles, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS databases between the years 1995 and 2024, and the keywords "Vitex," "review," "fertility," "ovarian" and "mechanisms" were used in various combinations. The data listed in this review demonstrate that Vitex agnus-castus and its constituents (isoflavones and essential oils) affect a number of physiological actions via multiple extra- and intracellular mechanisms of action.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurophysiol
January 2025
Department of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine; University of Calgary; Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4; Canada.
Stress is a fundamental adaptive response mediated by the amygdala and Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. Extreme or chronic stress, however, can result in a multitude of neuropsychiatric disorders, including anxiety, paranoia, bipolar disorder (BP), major depressive disorder (MDD), and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Despite widespread exposure to trauma (70.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Transl Med
January 2025
Outpatient Clinic, Al Luqta Street, PO Box 26999, Doha, Qatar.
Female infertility is a multifactorial condition influenced by various genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Recent research has investigated the significant impact of gut microbiome dysbiosis on systemic inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and hormonal imbalances, which can potentially impair fertility. The gut-brain axis, a bidirectional communication system between the gut and the brain, also plays a significant role in regulating reproductive functions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Endocr Metab Disord
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
This review focuses on our current understanding of how growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH): 1) stimulates GH release and synthesis from pituitary growth hormone (GH)-producing cells (somatotropes), 2) drives somatotrope proliferation, 3) is negatively regulated by somatostatin (SST), GH and IGF1, 4) is altered throughout lifespan and in response to metabolic challenges, and 5) analogues can be used clinically to treat conditions of GH excess or deficiency. Although a large body of early work provides an underpinning for our current understanding of GHRH, this review specifically highlights more recent work that was made possible by state-of-the-art analytical tools, receptor-specific agonists and antagonists, high-resolution in vivo and ex vivo imaging and the development of tissue (cell) -specific ablation mouse models, to paint a more detailed picture of the regulation and actions of GHRH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
January 2025
Otolaryngology, Ito ENT Clinic, Funabashi, JPN.
A literature review was conducted of epipharyngeal abrasive therapy (EAT) in the treatment of chronic epipharyngitis, focusing on the mechanism of action by autonomic nerve stimulation. The mechanism of action of EAT in stimulating the immune system has recently become clear. However, the mechanism of action of EAT on the autonomic nervous system remains to be elucidated.
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