The clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of 306 osteoblastomas were analyzed. Seventy-five were Mayo Clinic cases and 231 were from consultation files. Males outnumbered females two to one. The age range was 6 months to 75 years (mean age, 20.4 years). The vertebral column including the sacrum was the most frequent site (32%). Pain was the usual complaint and neurologic findings were associated with vertebral tumors. Although most tumors were well circumscribed, cortical expansion and destruction were common radiographic findings (39%), and 12% had features suggestive of malignancy. Large, epithelioid osteoblasts were seen in 24% and were the predominant cellular element in 10%. A distinctive epithelioid multifocal pattern was recognized. Recurrence rates were 16% (Mayo Clinic cases) and 21% (consultation cases). Tumors involving the central neuraxis were associated with greater morbidity and mortality. Aggressive behavior is within the biologic spectrum of osteoblastomas, and histopathology alone does not appear to be a reliable predictor of aggressiveness. The most important differential diagnosis is osteosarcoma.
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a major neurodevelopmental disorder affecting 1 in 36 children in the United States. While neurons have been the focus to understand ASD, an altered neuro-immune response in the brain may be closely associated with ASD, and a neuro-immune interaction could play a role in the disease progression. As the resident immune cells of the brain, microglia regulate brain development and homeostasis via core functions including phagocytosis of synapses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation of CSF GAP-43 With the Rate of Cognitive Decline and Progression to Dementia in Amyloid-Positive Individuals.
Neurology
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From the Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (A.Ö., A.L.B., N.J.A., H.K., H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine (N.J.A.), University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Old Age Psychiatry (N.J.A.), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health and Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation (N.J.A., H.Z.), London, United Kingdom; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.K., K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Fujirebio Europe NV (M.V.), Ghent, Belgium; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (M.W.W.), Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Radiology (M.W.W.), Medicine (M.W.W.), Psychiatry (M.W.W.) and Neurology (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.Q.T., L.M.S.), Institute on Aging, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; UK Dementia Research Institute (H.Z.), London; and Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (H.Z.), China.
Article Synopsis
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Technology Implementation and Associated Pharmacy Interruptions.
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August 2020
University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.
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