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Synchronization in spiking neural networks with short and long connections and time delays.
Chaos
January 2025
Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille 13005, France.
Article Synopsis
- Synchronization in brain networks is crucial for processing information, but time delays in signal transmission can significantly influence this process, especially in more complex spiking neural networks.
- The study involves investigating synchronization conditions and dynamics in a two-dimensional network of adaptive exponential integrate-and-fire neurons, focusing on how delay impacts this behavior.
- Findings reveal that synchronization patterns depend on a combination of properties at different levels, including individual neuron characteristics, network connectivity, and long-range connections, which together affect the emergent activity patterns in the brain.
Non-fullerene acceptors with high crystallinity and photoluminescence quantum yield enable >20% efficiency organic solar cells.
Nat Mater
January 2025
School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
The rational design of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) with both high crystallinity and photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) is of crucial importance for achieving high-efficiency and low-energy-loss organic solar cells (OSCs). However, increasing the crystallinity of an NFA tends to decrease its PLQY, which results in a high non-radiative energy loss in OSCs. Here we demonstrate that the crystallinity and PLQY of NFAs can be fine-tuned by asymmetrically adapting the branching position of alkyl chains on the thiophene unit of the L8-BO acceptor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResolving the molecular basis of a Mendelian condition remains challenging owing to the diverse mechanisms by which genetic variants cause disease. To address this, we developed a synchronized long-read genome, methylome, epigenome and transcriptome sequencing approach, which enables accurate single-nucleotide, insertion-deletion and structural variant calling and diploid de novo genome assembly. This permits the simultaneous elucidation of haplotype-resolved CpG methylation, chromatin accessibility and full-length transcript information in a single long-read sequencing run.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMuSK regulates neuromuscular junction Nav1.4 localization and excitability.
J Neurosci
January 2025
Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is the linchpin of nerve-evoked muscle contraction. Broadly, the function of the NMJ is to transduce nerve action potentials into muscle fiber action potentials (MFAPs). Efficient neuromuscular transmission requires both cholinergic signaling, responsible for generation of endplate potentials (EPPs), and excitation, the amplification of the EPP by postsynaptic voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterization of motor nerve stimulation using sinusoidal low frequency alternating currents and cuff electrodes.
J Neural Eng
January 2025
Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 723 W. Michigan St., Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, UNITED STATES.
Objective: Direct electrical neurostimulation using continuous sinusoidal low frequency alternating currents (LFAC) is an emerging modality for neuromodulation. As opposed to the traditional rectangular pulse stimulation, there is limited background on the characteristics of peripheral nerves responses to sinusoidal LFAC stimulation; especially within the low frequency range (<50Hz). In this study, we demonstrate LFAC activation as a means to activate motor nerves by direct bipolar nerve stimulation via cuff electrodes, and characterize the factors of activation.
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