Rats were exposed to a single (30 min) or repeated (30 min x 10, daily) normobaric hypoxia by a gas mixture with 10% of O2. In both cases urgent adaptive reactions develop in the lungs in the form of epithelium desquamation, increasing migration of neutrophils into the lung tissue, enhancement of labrocyte degranulation. Long-term adaptive reactions develop after the repeated exposures: proliferation of connective tissue labrocytes, hyperplasia of the lymphoid tissue associated with bronchi.
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ACS Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India.
Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major cause of death worldwide despite having an effective combinatorial therapeutic regimen and vaccine. Being one of the most successful human pathogens, retains the ability to adapt to diverse intracellular and extracellular environments encountered by it during infection, persistence, and transmission. Designing and developing new therapeutic strategies to counter the emergence of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant TB remains a major task.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Behav Immun
January 2025
Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, PR China. Electronic address:
It has been reported that the nervous system can regulate immune reactions through various mechanisms. However, the role of splenic sympathetic nerve activity in the autoimmune reactions during the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) remained unclear. Here, we blocked the activity of the splenic sympathetic nerve and found that the number of adaptive immune cells, such as CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells and B cells, were upregulated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAsian J Transfus Sci
September 2022
Department of Physiology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, India.
Vasovagal syncope (VVS) in donors is a transient loss of consciousness due to short-term global cerebral hypoperfusion, which has a rapid onset and has complete spontaneous recovery. VVS may be triggered by pain, fear, anxiety, or emotional upset and loss of blood perse. It is an exaggeration of an adaptive response meant to assist in reducing the amount of bleeding/loss of blood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Geriatr Med
January 2025
Data Science Centre, School of Population Health, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Science, Lower Mercer Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Purpose: Older people are at an increased risk of developing adverse drug reactions (ADR) and adverse drug events (ADE). This study aimed to develop and validate a risk prediction model (ADAPTiP) for ADR/ADE in older populations.
Methods: We used the adverse drug reactions in an Ageing PopulaTion (ADAPT) cohort (N = 798; 361 ADR-related admissions; 437 non-ADR-related admissions), a cross-sectional study designed to examine the prevalence and risk factors for ADR-related hospital admissions in patients aged ≥ 65 years.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Importance: Eligibility criteria for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are designed to select clinically relevant patient populations. However, not all eligibility criteria are strongly justified, potentially excluding marginalized groups, and limiting the generalizability of trial findings.
Objective: To summarize and evaluate the justification of exclusion criteria in published RCTs in critical care medicine.
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