The 16S ribosomal RNA of the Euglena gracilis chloroplast has been characterized in terms of its two-dimensional electrophoretic "fingerprint" (T1 ribonuclease). Results show it to be a typically prokaryotic 16 S rRNA. By the present criterion, different chloroplasts are shown to be related to one another and at least distantly to blue-green algae and perhaps to Bacillaceae. These results argue in favor of an endosymbiont origin of the chloroplast.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.72.6.2418 | DOI Listing |
BMC Plant Biol
December 2024
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
Background: Dioscorea polystachya and its closely related species are original plants of the tuber crop "yam", which had been intensively use for medicinal and food purposes and widely cultivated in northern China and its surrounding areas with a long history. Many cultivars of these species are often confused with one another because of similar tuber morphology, however, conventional DNA barcoding faces practical limitations restricting the method to effectively identify closely related species. In addition, phylogenetic relationships among various cultivar groups of Chinese yam (D.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Plant Sci
December 2024
BIODYNE Biosystems Dynamics and Exchanges, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium.
Introduction: The identification of the physiological processes limiting carbon assimilation under water stress is crucial for improving model predictions and selecting drought-tolerant varieties. However, the influence of soil water availability on photosynthesis-limiting processes is still not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the origins of photosynthesis limitations on potato () during a field drought experiment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Bot
December 2024
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St., Ontario, Canada.
Background And Aims: To better understand C4 evolution in monocots, we characterized C3-C4 intermediate phenotypes in the grass genus Homolepis (subtribe Arthropogoninae).
Methods: Carbon isotope ratio (δ13C), leaf gas exchange, mesophyll (M) to bundle sheath (BS) tissue characteristics, organelle size and numbers in M and BS tissue, and tissue distribution of the P-subunit of glycine decarboxylase (GLDP) were determined for five Homolepis species and the C4 grass Mesosetum loliiforme from a phylogenetic sister clade. We generated a transcriptome-based phylogeny for Homolepis and Mesosetum species to interpret physiological and anatomical patterns in an evolutionary context, and to test for hybridization.
ACS Synth Biol
December 2024
Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology (CASB), University of Tennessee, 2640 Morgan Circle Dr., Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States.
Plastids represent promising targets in plant genetic engineering for many biotech applications, ranging from their use as bioreactors for the overproduction of valuable molecules to the installation of transgenes for improving plant traits. For over 30 years, routine methods of plastid transformation have relied on homologous recombination integrating vectors. However, nonintegrating episomal plasmids have recently received more attention as an innovative tool for the plastid genetic engineering of plant cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Plant Biol
December 2024
Bioinformatics Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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