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Comparing carbon agronomic footprint and sequestration in Central American coffee agroforestry systems and assessing trade-offs with economic returns.
Sci Total Environ
January 2025
CATIE, Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, Turrialba 30501, Costa Rica.
Agricultural systems are both emitters of greenhouse gases and have the potential to sequester carbon, especially agroforestry systems. Coffee agroforestry systems offer a wide range of intensities of use of agricultural inputs and densities and management of shade trees. We assessed the agronomic carbon footprint (up to farm gate) and modelled the carbon sequestration of a range of coffee agroforestry systems across 180 farms in Costa Rica and Guatemala.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDoes using multiple strategies enhance preschoolers' persistence in a challenging task?
J Exp Child Psychol
January 2025
Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Persistence, characterized by continued efforts in the face of difficulties, is crucial for children's success. Many researchers have aimed to identify the factors that improve persistence. Previous research has found that children who use more strategies to solve a challenging task tend to exhibit greater persistence, suggesting that providing instructions for multiple strategies may enhance their persistence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA New Way Forward for Women's Health Research at the National Institutes of Health: A Roadmap From the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Consensus Report.
Obstet Gynecol
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah; the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, and Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island; the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and Baker Donelson, Washington, DC; KFF, San Francisco, California; and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. All authors served on the National Academies Committee as committee members or employees of the National Academies.
Despite efforts to address inequities, research on women's health conditions (defined as those that uniquely or differently affect women and female individuals) remain significantly understudied. As directed by Congress, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Office of Research on Women's Health requested the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (National Academies) to conduct an assessment of the state of women's health research at the NIH. The findings of the National Academies committee include: 1) a significant funding inequity, with less than 8% of the total NIH grant budget for fiscal year 2023 allocated to women's health research; 2) a need for improved strategic NIH-wide priority setting, oversight, and adherence to existing policies to support women's health research; 3) a need for a specific institute for research on conditions specific to women's health; and 4) a need for sufficient training and additional funding to grow and retain the women's health research workforce.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFoveal Avascular Zone development by OCTA: weighing the influence of Gestational Age and neonatal early growth independently of Retinopathy of Prematurity.
Retina
December 2024
Pediatrics Department. Alvaro Cunqueiro University Hospital, 36313 Vigo, Spain. Galicia Sur Health Research Institute.
Purpose: Focusing the premature birth and its potential complications, this study analyzes Foveal Avascular Zone (FAZ) measured by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) and its correlation with the severity of prematurity and neonatal growth.
Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was performed, involving 71 children school-age with history of prematurity and a full-term children control group. Several variables from the neonatal period were collected, such as Gestational Age (GA), Birth Weight (BW), initial Weight Gain (WG) and Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP).
Patient Perceptions of Pessaries for Treatment of Pelvic Organ Prolapse.
Urogynecology (Phila)
December 2024
From the Albany Medical Center Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Urogynecology, Albany, NY.
Importance: A vaginal pessary is a highly effective treatment for patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Patient views of pessaries and how their beliefs affect whether they choose pessary treatment is unknown.
Objective: Our objective of this study was to describe the knowledge, understanding, and patient concerns regarding pessary use for POP management.
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