Benzo(a)pyren (BaP) was analysed in 218 samples of grass, hay, straw, grains, lettuce, curly kale and apples by means of thin-layer chromatography und analysing other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) by capillary gas chromatography and mass-spectrometry. Despite the fact that normally BaP concentrations were relatively low, up to 13.5 micrograms BaP per kg hay (dry matter) and 19.3 micrograms BaP per kg lettuce (dry matter) could be detected at some places.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/food.19940380304 | DOI Listing |
Toxicol Sci
September 2014
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88379 Biberach an der Riss, Germany.
The chicken egg genotoxicity assay (CEGA), which utilizes the liver of an intact and aseptic embryo-fetal test organism, was evaluated using four activation-dependent DNA-reactive carcinogens and four structurally related less potent carcinogens or non-carcinogens. In the assay, three daily doses of test substances were administered to eggs containing 9-11-day-old fetuses and the fetal livers were assessed for two endpoints, DNA breaks using the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay and DNA adducts using the (32)P-nucleotide postlabeling (NPL) assay. The effects of four carcinogens of different structures requiring distinct pathways of bioactivation, i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTob Control
September 2008
Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA.
Background: The World Health Organization Tobacco Product Regulation (TobReg) study group has proposed emissions level performance standards for nine toxicants (NNN, NNK, acetaldehyde, acrolein, 1,3-butadiene, CO, BaP, benzene and formaldehyde, all expressed as micrograms per milligram nicotine as measured under the Canadian intensive method) in cigarette smoke for parties to the FCTC in conjunction with regular monitoring of emissions of nine other toxicants of interest, nicotine and nicotine-free dry particulate matter (NFDPM, or "tar").
Methods: We examined the published literature and publicly available tobacco industry documents to determine the extent to which existing available technologies can be applied to reduce the emissions of the specified toxicants in cigarette smoke.
Results: Agricultural practices (for example, fertilisers, curing), plant characteristics (for example, protein content, nicotine content), tobacco blending (for example, American blend vs Virginia blend) and cigarette design (for example, additives, filters, paper) issues all have roles in the generation and reduction of specific smoke toxicants.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu
November 2003
Institute for Environment Hygiene and Health Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China.
To investigate fine particles (PM2.5) pollution and its impact on the expression of inflammation cytokine IL-6. Two cities, namely Taiyuan and Beijing, were selected to represent two different types of air pollution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuan Jing Ke Xue
May 2003
Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China.
Air samples of 14 PAHs were collected from vehicle discharges of different types, oils, and mileages and analyzed by HPLC. It showed that the total PAHs discharged from the vehicle in 30 minutes were 41.53-121.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuan Jing Ke Xue
January 2003
Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China.
12 PAHs in air of different production sector in coking plant were measured with the result showing that, the total PAHs concentrations ranged from 11.75 to 46.66 micrograms/m3, among which, BaP was 0.
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