This prospective randomized study is an evaluation of efficacy of cefazolin and ofloxacin in 23 end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) who experienced 38 episodes of peritonitis (P). Cefazolin was administered intraperitoneally: 1000 mg as loading dose and 250 mg every exchange as maintenance dose for ten days. Ofloxacin was given orally: first 300 mg, followed by ten daily doses of 200 mg. Microbes most frequently isolated from peritoneal effluent were Staphylococci (coagulase-negative in 55.3%, aureus in 7.9%), Acinetobacter (in 5.3%), Klebsiella (in 5.5%), and Micrococcus (in 5.3%). Used as monotherapy, we found the efficacy of both cefazolin and ofloxacin inadequate for treatment of P in CAPD patients (cefazolin 65%, ofloxacin 67%) (NS).
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