The present study was undertaken to determine if measurement and analysis of phagocyte function are useful for diagnosis and staging of infection. Circulating phagocyte activity was measured in healthy volunteers and sequentially in patients with acute infections of different types and severity, including those with diabetes mellitus or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Using an automated luminescence system, these phagocyte functions were measured in whole blood: basal and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated oxidase activity, basal and PMA-stimulated simple dioxygenation (e.g., oxidase-driven haloperoxidase activity), and circulating and primed opsonin receptor-dependent dioxygenation. Multiple discriminant analysis of these data showed significant differences between healthy controls, diabetic patients, HIV-positive subjects, and patients with pneumonia or sepsis syndromes. Longitudinally, circulating phagocyte function correlated with clinical condition, severity of infection, and outcome. This methodology provides rapid, objective, and sensitive diagnostic and monitoring information for patients with infections.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/170.6.1463 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
ProBDNF as a Myokine in Skeletal Muscle Injury: Role in Inflammation and Potential for Therapeutic Modulation of p75.
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
Brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) is expressed by skeletal muscle as a myokine. Our previous work showed that the active precursor, proBDNF, is the predominant form of BDNF expressed in skeletal muscle, and that following skeletal muscle injury, proBDNF levels are significantly increased. However, the function of the muscle-derived proBDNF in injury-induced inflammation has yet to be fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSepsis-induced NET formation requires MYD88 but is independent of GSDMD and PAD4.
FASEB J
January 2025
Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Neutrophils are peripheral blood-circulating leukocytes that play a pivotal role in host defense against bacterial pathogens which upon activation, they release web-like chromatin structures called neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Here, we analyzed and compared the importance of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MYD88), peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), and gasdermin D (GSDMD) for NET formation in vivo following sepsis and neutrophilia challenge. Injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/E.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFlncRNA regulates expression and function of innate immune transcription factor IRF1 in macrophages.
Life Sci Alliance
March 2025
https://ror.org/0190ak572 Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
The discovery of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has provided a new perspective on the centrality of RNA in gene regulation and genome organization. Here, we screened for lncRNAs with putative functions in the host response to single-stranded RNA respiratory viruses. We identify as a conserved cis-acting lncRNA up-regulated in three respiratory diseases to control the expression of its antisense gene , a key transcriptional regulator of the antiviral response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeciphering neutrophil dynamics: Enhanced phagocytosis of elastic particles and impact on vascular-targeted carrier performance.
Sci Adv
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Particle elasticity has widely been established to substantially influence immune cell clearance and circulation time of vascular-targeted carriers (VTCs). However, prior studies have primarily investigated interactions with macrophages, monocytic cell lines, and in vivo murine models. Interactions between particles and human neutrophils remain largely unexplored, although they represent a critical aspect of VTC performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlatelet membrane decorated exosomes enhance targeting efficacy and therapeutic index to alleviate arterial restenosis.
Theranostics
January 2025
Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China.
Article Synopsis
- Postinterventional restenosis poses challenges in treating peripheral vascular disease, as current drugs hinder endothelial repair while preventing neointima hyperplasia.
- Stem cell-derived exosomes offer therapeutic benefits by delivering functional microRNAs but face limitations in targeting and tissue uptake in injured vessels.
- To improve efficacy, researchers created platelet-mimetic exosomes (PM-EXOs) that enhance targeting to vascular injuries and promote endothelial repair with minimal side effects, demonstrating significant potential in reducing neointima formation.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!