Recent epidemiologic studies suggested that some histologic types of carcinomas were preferentially induced in the lung by irradiation, whatever the mode of exposure and the radiation quality. Since smoking and other environmental airborne pollutants may be strong confounding factors in humans, we have investigated whether histological subtypes were dependent or not on the mode of exposure, in a large series of 9000 rats exposed to external and internal sources at high and low Linear Energy Transfer. Despite comparable overall risk coefficients in rats and humans, our results show that histological types are influenced not only by dose but also by radiation quality and heterogeneity of dose delivering. We suggest that extrapolation from one group to an other take this information in consideration.
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