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Exhausted CD8 T cells and anti-inflammatory macrophages characterize lepromatous leprosy lesions.
EBioMedicine
November 2024
Tuberculosis Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, and Tuberculosis Imaging Program, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. Electronic address:
Cellular and molecular determinants of bacterial burden in leprosy granulomas revealed by single-cell multimodal omics.
EBioMedicine
October 2024
Hospital for Skin Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, China. Electronic address:
Background: Which cell populations that determine the fate of bacteria in infectious granulomas remain unclear. Leprosy, a granulomatous disease with a strong genetic predisposition, caused by Mycobacterium leprae infection, exhibits distinct sub-types with varying bacterial load and is considered an outstanding disease model for studying host-pathogen interactions.
Methods: We performed single-cell RNA and immune repertoire sequencing on 11 healthy controls and 20 patients with leprosy, and integrated single-cell data with genome-wide genetic data on leprosy.
Concomitant Tuberculous and Lepromatous Lymphadenitis: Clues and Pitfalls of Leprosy Concealed by Tuberculosis in Lymph Nodes.
Int J Surg Pathol
December 2024
Infectious Unit, Rashid Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Article Synopsis
- Coinfections of tuberculosis and leprosy are common in areas where both diseases are endemic, with lymphadenopathy being a key symptom of tuberculosis; however, leprosy rarely presents with this symptom and is usually found in skin or peripheral nerves.
- A case study described a 45-year-old man with generalized lymphadenopathy who was diagnosed with concurrent tuberculosis and leprosy affecting his lymph nodes, a rare occurrence particularly in nonendemic regions.
- Accurate diagnosis is challenging due to overlapping symptoms and histopathological findings, necessitating awareness among healthcare professionals, especially in patients with travel history to endemic areas; specific staining techniques are essential to differentiate between the diseases.
Macrophage immunophenotypes in Jorge Lobo's disease and lepromatous leprosy- A comparative study.
Microb Pathog
May 2024
State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- Both Jorge Lobo's disease (JLD) and lepromatous leprosy (LL) have common features such as a weakened cellular immune response, primarily due to macrophage dysfunction, impacting disease maintenance.
- The study compared macrophage subtypes in skin lesions from JLD patients and LL samples, using specific markers to identify different macrophage responses, revealing no significant density differences in certain markers, but higher resident macrophages in LL.
- Findings indicate that both diseases have a dominant M2 (anti-inflammatory) response with notable amounts of iNOS+ macrophages, suggesting impaired immune function similar to M2 macrophages that limits effective pathogen eradication.
Psoriasis and Leprosy: An Arcane Relationship.
J Inflamm Res
June 2023
Laboratory of Mycobacteria, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
Purpose: Psoriasis (Ps) and leprosy are chronic inflammatory skin disorders, characterised by enhanced innate and adaptive immunity. Ps and leprosy rarely coexist. The molecular immune mechanism of the Ps and leprosy rarely coexistence is unclear.
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