Using the multipin peptide synthesis approach, a range of peptides with native amide and carboxylate C-termini were generated using an acid-labile approach. Polyethylene crowns grafted with hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) polymer were functionalized with either 4-hydroxymethylphenoxyacetic acid for the generation of peptide-carboxylate or p-[(R,S)-alpha-[1-(9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxyformamido]-2,4-dim ethoxy- benzyl]phenoxyacetic acid for peptide-amide. A range of known peptide hormone sequences and other peptides with native C-termini were assembled by sequential incorporation of N alpha-Fmoc protected amino acids. Peptides were sidechain deprotected and cleaved from crowns with TFA/scavengers within 2 mL centrifuge tubes, and isolated by a series of ether/petrol wash and centrifugation steps. In this way it was possible to avoid a cleavage and isolation botteneck, allowing rapid processing of large numbers of peptides.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3011.1994.tb00571.x | DOI Listing |
Sci Adv
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Understanding chromatin organization requires integrating measurements of genome connectivity and physical structure. It is well established that cohesin is essential for TAD and loop connectivity features in Hi-C, but the corresponding change in physical structure has not been studied using electron microscopy. Pairing chromatin scanning transmission electron tomography with multiomic analysis and single-molecule localization microscopy, we study the role of cohesin in regulating the conformationally defined chromatin nanoscopic packing domains.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003.
Frameshifting is an essential mechanism employed by many viruses including coronaviruses to produce viral proteins from a compact RNA genome. It is facilitated by specific RNA folds in the frameshift element (FSE), which has emerged as an important therapeutic target. For SARS-CoV-2, a specific 3-stem pseudoknot has been identified to stimulate frameshifting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Physiol (Oxf)
February 2025
Zoophysiology, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.
Aim: Snakes exhibit remarkable physiological shifts when their large meals induce robust postprandial growth after prolonged fasting. To understand the regulatory mechanisms underlying this rapid metabolic transition, we examined the regulation of protein synthesis in pythons, focusing on processes driving early postprandial tissue remodeling and growth.
Methods: Using the SUnSET method with puromycin labeling, we measured in vivo protein synthesis in fasting and digesting snakes at multiple post-feeding intervals.
J Vet Intern Med
January 2025
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA.
Background: Oxidative injury occurs in septic people, but the role of oxidative stress and antioxidants has rarely been evaluated in foals.
Objectives/hypothesis: To measure reactive oxygen species (ROS), biomarkers of oxidative injury, and antioxidants in neonatal foals. We hypothesized that ill foals would have higher blood concentrations of ROS and biomarkers of oxidative injury and lower concentrations of antioxidants compared to healthy foals.
Chembiochem
January 2025
University of Wisconsin-Madison, Pharmacy, 777 Highland Ave, 53705, Madison, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
Peptides and proteins are important functional biomolecules both inside and outside of living organisms. The ability to prepare various types of functionalized peptides and proteins is essential for understanding fundamental biological processes, such as protein folding and post-translational modifications (PTMs), and for developing new therapeutics for many diseases, such as cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. The o-aminoaniline moiety was first proposed for activation to a thioester precursor and used for native chemical ligation to prepare large peptides and proteins.
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