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Cell-Specific Control of Mammalian Gene Expression Using DNA Repair Inducible Ribozyme Switches.

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State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.

The ability to control gene expression is vital for elucidating gene functions and developing next-generation therapeutics. Current techniques are challenged by the lack of cell-specific control designs or immunogenicity risk from foreign proteins. We develop a DNA repair inducible ribozyme switch that enables cell-specific control of gene expression in cells and in vivo.

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Viroid-like colonists of human microbiomes.

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Stanford University, Department of Genetics, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford University, Department of Pathology, Stanford, CA, USA. Electronic address:

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Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada.

The Hammerhead Ribozyme (HHR) is a ubiquitous RNA enzyme that catalyzes site-specific intramolecular cleavage. While mutations to its catalytic core have traditionally been viewed as detrimental to its activity, several discoveries of naturally occurring variants of the full-length ribozyme challenge this notion, suggesting a deeper understanding of HHR evolution and functionality. By systematically introducing mutations at key nucleotide positions within the catalytic core, we generated single-, double-, and triple-mutation libraries to explore the sequence requirements and evolution of a full-length HHR.

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