A method for producing rapid and accurate scalp electroencephalography, evoked potential and current density mapping is described. This method is based on the spherical spline interpolation, which has been validated as the most suitable function for this application. In comparison with the basic algorithm, the proposed technique is accurate and fast: it reduces the computation time by a factor of 10, while preserving the desired precision level. Furthermore, we study the choice of an optimal configuration and number of electrodes in order to produce a good reconstruction of brain electrical activity with this method. The implementation and application of this enhanced method in a three-dimensional brain mapping system is shown.
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Annu Rev Food Sci Technol
January 2025
3Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland USA.
Psyllium is an excellent natural source of soluble and insoluble dietary fiber. It has been used as a nutraceutical and functional ingredient in foods. Many efforts have been made to understand and improve its physicochemical, biological, and functional properties to promote its food applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJCO Glob Oncol
January 2025
International Cancer Patient Coalition, Brussels, Belgium.
Despite the acknowledged merits of precision oncology (PO) and its increasing global implementation, its full potential for advancing care and prevention remains unrealized. The benefits are currently accessible to only limited patient segments because of multifaceted barriers. Successful implementation hinges on various factors-scientific complexities not limited to technical, clinical, regulatory, economic, administrative, and health care policy-related challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Am Thorac Soc
January 2025
The University of Tokyo, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Rationale: Although the guidelines generally omit routine antibiotic prophylaxis for diagnostic bronchoscopy, this recommendation is primarily based on studies with relatively small sample sizes conducted at single institutions. Moreover, the applicability of recent technical and procedural advancements to these guidelines remains uncertain.
Objectives: To evaluate whether oral prophylactic antibiotic administration for diagnostic bronchoscopy reduces post-bronchoscopy infections among non-infectious diseases in the current setting.
Astrobiology
January 2025
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
We review the current state of understanding of Ceres as it relates to planetary protection policy for future landed missions, including for sample return, to the dwarf planet. The Dawn mission found Ceres to be an intriguing target for a mission, with evidence for the presence of regional, possibly extensive liquid at depth, and local expressions of recent and potentially ongoing activity. The Dawn mission also found a high abundance of carbon in the regolith, interpreted as a mix of carbonates and amorphous carbon, as well as locally high concentrations of organic matter.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLOS Digit Health
January 2025
FIND, Geneva, Switzerland.
AI based software, including computer aided detection software for chest radiographs (CXR-CAD), was developed during the pandemic to improve COVID-19 case finding and triage. In high burden TB countries, the use of highly portable CXR and computer aided detection software has been adopted more broadly to improve the screening and triage of individuals for TB, but there is little evidence in these settings regarding COVID-19 CAD performance. We performed a multicenter, retrospective cross-over study evaluating CXRs from individuals at risk for COVID-19.
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