Female rats raised from birth under a light/dark (LD) or constant light (LL) regimen were given injections at either 24, 29, 33 or 35 days of age of either 5 IU PMSG or 0.1 ml saline. Two days following PMSG or saline injection, the rats were given injections of either 1,000 ng synthetic gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) or 0.1 ml saline. Blood samples were taken before and 20 min after injection for LH determinations. PMSG caused a rise in basal LH levels, which was greater in LL than in LD animals. GnRH administration resulted in an LH surge in both LD and LL rats at all ages tested. The LL animals released greater amounts of LH in response to GnRH than did LD animals. In PMSG-primed animals there were no differences in the GnRH-induced LH surge due to either age or photoperiod. It is concluded that PMSG and LL enhance the pituitary's response to GnRH.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000122512 | DOI Listing |
Expert Opin Pharmacother
January 2025
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Introduction: Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory estrogen-dependent disease affecting 10% of women worldwide leading to chronic pelvic pain and infertility which may be treated clinically or surgically.
Areas Covered: Current literaure was reviewed using the keywords 'gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa),' 'endometriosis,' 'infertility' and 'chronic pelvic pain.' Relevant papers prioritizing randomized controlled clinical trials (RCT), systematic reviews, meta-analyses, as well as international guidelines were evaluated.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
December 2024
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Overexpression of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRH-R) plays a vital role in the advancement of reproductive malignancies such as ovarian, endometrial, and prostate cancer. Peptidomimetic GnRH antagonists are a substantial therapeutic development, providing fast and reversible suppression of gonadotropins by directly blocking GnRH-R. Unlike typical GnRH agonists, these antagonists prevent the early hormonal flare, have a faster onset of action, and have a lower risk of cardiovascular problems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimals (Basel)
January 2025
School of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
and miRNA regulate mammalian pubertal initiation and Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) production. However, it remains unclear which signaling pathways regulates to modulate GnRH production. In this study, the mRNA expression levels of and in the pubertal and juvenile goat hypothalamus and pituitary gland were detected, and expression in the pubertal hypothalamus decreased significantly compared with that in juvenile tissues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pediatr
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Fuzhou First General Hospital Affiliated with Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Objective: In boys during puberty who were undergoing recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment, we compared the therapeutic efficacy on growth, and any adverse reactions, of co-therapy with either letrozole or gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRHa).
Methods: Fifty-six pubertal growth hormone deficiency (GHD) boys were studied, they were treated with the combination of letrozole and rhGH (letrozole group, n = 28) or the combination of GnRHa and rhGH (GnRHa group, n = 28) for at least one year. Eighteen patients in the letrozole group and seventeen patients in the GnRHa group attained final adult height (FAH).
Physiol Behav
January 2025
University of Northern Parana (UNOPAR), Londrina, PR, Brazil.. Electronic address:
Undernutrition has increased worldwide in recent years and it is known that environmental factors to which individuals are exposed in early life can result in metabolic and reproductive changes that remain in adult life. In this context, the litter size expansion is a classic model used to induce undernutrition early in development. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of neonatal undernutrition induced by the litter size expansion on metabolic and reproductive parameters of female rats.
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