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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/22.20.4350 | DOI Listing |
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l-theanine: From tea leaf to trending supplement - does the science match the hype for brain health and relaxation?
Nutr Res
January 2025
Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IMDEA-Food, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address:
l-Theanine is a unique non-protein amino acid found abundantly in tea leaves. Interest in its potential use as a dietary supplement has surged recently, especially claims related to promoting relaxation and cognitive enhancement. This review surveys the chemistry, metabolism, and purported biological activities of l-theanine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegulation of anaplerotic enzymes by melatonin enhances resilience to cadmium toxicity in Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek.
Plant Physiol Biochem
January 2025
Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Melatonin (Mel) is a tryptophan-derived (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) molecule. In the present study, role of Mel in the regulation of various anaplerotic enzymes is discussed in relation to N metabolism and H-ATPase activity in mung bean under Cd stress. The application of Mel to the Cd-stressed mung bean seedlings was remarkable in improving the activity of hexokinase (35.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRole of Ribosomal Protein bS1 in Orthogonal mRNA Start Codon Selection.
Biochemistry
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
In many bacteria, the location of the mRNA start codon is determined by a short ribosome binding site sequence that base pairs with the 3'-end of 16S rRNA (rRNA) in the 30S subunit. Many groups have changed these short sequences, termed the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence in the mRNA and the anti-Shine-Dalgarno (ASD) sequence in 16S rRNA, to create "orthogonal" ribosomes to enable the synthesis of orthogonal polymers in the presence of the endogenous translation machinery. However, orthogonal ribosomes are prone to SD-independent translation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe translation initiation factor eIF3M2 upregulates HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 70 to maintain pollen tube membrane integrity during heat shock.
Plant Physiol
December 2024
Laboratory of Pollen Biology, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
Pollen germination and pollen tube (PT) growth are extremely sensitive to high temperatures. During heat stress (HS), global translation shuts down and favors the maintenance of the essential cellular proteome for cell viability and protection against protein misfolding. Here, we demonstrate that under normal conditions, the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) eukaryotic translation initiation factor subunit eif3m1/eif3m2 double mutant exhibits poor pollen germination, loss of PT integrity and an increased rate of aborted seeds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNK cell exhaustion in Wilson's disease revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing predicts the prognosis of cholecystitis.
Elife
December 2024
Department of Cadre Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.
Metabolic abnormalities associated with liver disease have a significant impact on the risk and prognosis of cholecystitis. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, we investigated this issue using Wilson's disease (WD) as a model, which is a genetic disorder characterized by impaired mitochondrial function and copper metabolism.
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