The effects of methylmercuric chloride (MMC) on the growth and cell membrane of the ciliate protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis GL were studied. The compositions of fatty acids in the cell membrane lipids, which were extracted from cells cultured in medium containing MMC at 30 and 20 degrees C, were examined. As compared with control cells, 30 degrees C-cells were richer in saturated fatty acids than 20 degrees C-cell, indicating that the cell membrane of 30 degrees C-cells was rigid and that that of 20 degrees C-cells was mobile. When MMC was added to the culture media, the amount of unsaturated fatty acid in the cell membrane tended to decrease, resulting in an increase of rigidity of the cell membrane. When ergosterol was added to the media, the cell membrane became more rigid, and lipids were richer in saturated fatty acids. Ergosterol contributed to reduce the composition change due to addition of MMC to the media.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1265/jjh.49.660 | DOI Listing |
BMC Ophthalmol
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Visual Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan.
Background: Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) is a highly effective procedure for corneal endothelial dysfunction; however, once a DMEK graft is deployed, repositioning can be challenging. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a technique that utilizes infusion and small air bubbles to reposition a misaligned deployed graft.
Methods: This retrospective interventional case series enrolled patients who underwent DMEK between January 2022 and July 2023, including cases where the DMEK graft was attached and unfolded in off-center positions".
Leukemia
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable hematological malignancy that necessitates the identification of novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we report that intracellular levels of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) control the cytotoxicity of MM chemotherapeutic agents. Inhibition of VLCFA biosynthesis reduced cell death in MM cells caused by the proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Nicotinamide (NAM), a main precursor of NAD+, is essential for cellular fuel respiration, energy production, and other cellular processes. Transporters for other precursors of NAD+ such as nicotinic acid and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) have been identified, but the cellular transporter of nicotinamide has not been elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 and 2 (ENT1 and 2, encoded by SLC29A1 and 2) drive cellular nicotinamide uptake and establish nicotinamide metabolism homeostasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Mol Biol
January 2025
Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
The applicability of a deep learning model for the virtual staining of plant cell structures using bright-field microscopy was investigated. The training dataset consisted of microscopy images of tobacco BY-2 cells with the plasma membrane stained with the fluorescent dye PlasMem Bright Green and the cell nucleus labeled with Histone-red fluorescent protein. The trained models successfully detected the expansion of cell nuclei upon aphidicolin treatment and a decrease in the cell aspect ratio upon propyzamide treatment, demonstrating its utility in cell morphometry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
Phthalates are synthetic compounds, well-known plasticizers, with numerous applications and reported to have adverse effects on all living organisms residing in terrestrial and aquatic environments. In this study, the rice (Oryza sativa) seedlings were exposed to di-butyl phthalate (DBP) exogenously for 7 days, with varying concentrations of 0, 200, 400, 800, and 1600 mg/L, to explore the toxicological, physiological, and biochemical consequences by measuring various parameters such as pigment, lipid, and HO (hydrogen peroxide) contents. The biochemical analysis of seedlings showed that the pigments, lipids, and HO concentrations were altered abnormally.
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