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Functionally-informed fine-mapping identifies genetic variants linking increased CHD1L expression and HIV restriction in monocytes.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Sexually Transmitted and Bloodborne Infections Surveillance and Molecular Epidemiology, Sexually Transmitted and Bloodborne Infections Division at the JC Wilt Infectious Diseases Research Centre, National Microbiology Laboratories, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 3L5, Canada.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV) set-point viral load is a strong predictor of disease progression and transmission risk. A recent genome-wide association study in individuals of African ancestries identified a region on chromosome 1 significantly associated with decreased HIV set-point viral load. Knockout of the closest gene, CHD1L, enhanced HIV replication in vitro in myeloid cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe nuclear localization signal of CPSF6 governs post-nuclear import steps of HIV-1 infection.
PLoS Pathog
January 2025
Integrative Cell Biology Graduate Program, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America.
The early stages of HIV-1 infection include the trafficking of the viral core into the nucleus of infected cells. However, much remains to be understood about how HIV-1 accomplishes nuclear import and the consequences of the import pathways utilized on nuclear events. The host factor cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 6 (CPSF6) assists HIV-1 nuclear localization and post-entry integration targeting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-immune complex antibodies are elicited during repeated immunization with HIV Env immunogens.
Sci Immunol
January 2025
Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Vaccination strategies against HIV-1 aim to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) using prime-boost regimens with HIV envelope (Env) immunogens. Epitope mapping has shown that early antibody responses are directed to easily accessible nonneutralizing epitopes on Env instead of bnAb epitopes. Autologously neutralizing antibody responses appear upon boosting, once immunodominant epitopes are saturated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain RNA profiling highlights multiple disease pathways in persons with HAND: uncovering determinants of biotype diversity.
AIDS
January 2025
Departments of Medicine.
Objective: To discover microRNA (miRNA)-RNA transcript interactions dysregulated in brains from persons with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), we investigated RNA expression using machine learning tools.
Design: Brain-derived host RNA transcript and miRNA expression was examined from persons with or without HAND using bioinformatics platforms.
Methods: By combining next generation sequencing, droplet digital (dd)PCR quantitation of HIV-1 genomes, with bioinformatics and statistical tools, we investigated differential RNA expression in frontal cortex from persons without HIV (HIV[-]), with HIV without brain disease (HIV[+]), with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), or HAND with encephalitis (HIVE).
Identification of a Novel HIV-1 Second-Generation Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF117_0107) in China.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Under the background of the main epidemic HIV strains (CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC) co-circulation in China, more HIV second-generation recombinant (SGR) strains with CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC as the backbone were also emerging. In this study, we characterize a novel HIV-1 second-generation circulating recombinant form (CRF117_0107) consisting of CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC fragments from three epidemiologically unrelated HIV-1-infected individuals. One near full-length genome (NFLG) sequence was amplified, sequenced, and spliced in two halves using RNA extracted from the plasma of a homosexual in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province.
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