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Optimizing the Use of Computed Tomography for Appendicitis Diagnosis in the Pediatric Emergency Department Through the Quality Improvement Methodology.
Cureus
December 2024
Pediatrics, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, USA.
Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common causes of an acute abdomen among pediatric patients. The diagnosis of appendicitis is challenging due to the nonspecific presentation. Diagnosis is based on historical, physical, and serologic information as well as right lower quadrant ultrasound (RLQ US).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeroprevalence Assessment of Anti-Varicella Antibodies among Adults in the Province of Florence (Italy).
Vaccines (Basel)
September 2024
Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- Around 90% of varicella (chickenpox) infections are mild, but adults can experience more severe cases, prompting a study in Florence, Italy, to assess immunity levels post-vaccination.
- A survey of 430 adults (ages 18-94) showed that 89.5% tested positive for varicella antibodies, with no significant differences based on sex or nationality.
- The findings indicated that while vaccination efforts have improved immunity, there is still a notable susceptibility (11.6%) among women aged 18-49, emphasizing the need for ongoing vaccination campaigns and awareness.
Comparison of the indirect immunofluorescence assay and a commercial ELISA to detect KSHV antibodies.
Microbiol Spectr
November 2024
Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Virologie, Paris, France.
Article Synopsis
- - Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is linked to various diseases, and the currently used method for detecting antibodies, the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), is lengthy and dependent on the tester's skill.
- - A study compared IFA with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for accuracy in detecting KSHV antibodies, revealing that ELISA demonstrated better sensitivity (94%) and maintained high specificity (100%), outperforming IFA (79% sensitivity).
- - The study suggests ELISA is a more reliable alternative for diagnosing KSHV in patients, especially those with weakened immune systems or prior inconclusive IFA results, emphasizing the need for improved serological
Evaluation of Lyme serologic quantitative test indexes: High first-tier test index values predict positive second-tier result in standard and modified 2-tier Lyme testing algorithms.
Am J Clin Pathol
September 2024
Department of Pathology, Division of Clinical Laboratories and Molecular Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, US.
Objectives: In this study, we evaluated the potential utility of reporting a quantitative Lyme serologic test index to improve the utility of results from first-tier Lyme assays.
Methods: Serum from consecutive samples sent to our laboratory for Lyme testing were tested on 2 commercial first-tier Lyme assays and evaluated to determine the probability of second-tier confirmation based on the serologic index value.
Results: For both assays, we identified an index value above which 100% of samples confirmed on second-tier testing using both standard and modified 2-tier testing algorithms.
Excessive Dynamic Airway Collapse After Entecavir Use in a Patient With Pegylated Interferon-Induced Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Disease and Entecavir Use to Prevent Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation Upon Giving Rituximab.
Cureus
June 2024
Department of Medicine, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, PAK.
Pegylated interferon-alpha (PEG-IFN-α) is an antiviral medication used to treat chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. It may result in rare but severe side effects, such as undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD) and excessive dynamic airway collapse (EDAC), which can occur as delayed complications of PEG-IFN-α-induced UCTD. In cases where these complications arise, entecavir, employed for treating HBV infection, may be considered.
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