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Introduction: There is a scarcity of studies in which both alveolar bone remodeling and root resorption are simultaneously assessed and compared against possible influencing factors such as rate of retraction and change in inclination. The aim of our study was to assess the changes in the alveolar bone thickness and root length of the maxillary anterior teeth after retraction and correlate it to the potential influencing factors, namely rate of retraction and change in inclination.

Subjects And Methods: Ten patients requiring upper premolar extraction as part of their treatment were included in the study.

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Objective: The objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of two different penetration depths of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement over 60 days. In addition, the amount of pain and discomfort caused by the MOP was evaluated.

Materials And Methods: A total of 22 patients (18-30 years) who need fixed orthodontic treatment were recruited and randomly assigned into two groups.

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Various repurposing drugs have been tested for their efficacy on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), including antimalarial drugs. During the pandemic, Chloroquine (CQ) and Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) demonstrated good potential against COVID-19, but further studies showed both drugs had side effects that were more dangerous than the efficacy. This made World Health Organization (WHO) ban the usage for COVID-19 patients.

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Although the accumulation of random genetic mutations has been traditionally viewed as the main cause of cancer progression, altered mechanobiological profiles of the cells and microenvironment also play a major role as a mutation-independent element. To probe the latter, we have previously reported a microfluidic cell-culture platform with an integrated flexible actuator and its application for sequential cyclic compression of cancer cells. The platform is composed of a control microchannel in a top layer for introducing external pressure, and a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane from which a monolithically-integrated actuator protrudes downwards into a cell-culture microchannel.

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This study aims to enhance our understanding of the temporal and spatial processes scales governing the evolutionary diversification of Neotropical birds with Trans- and Cis-Andean populations of the species from South and Central America. Through a multilocus analysis of the mitochondrial (CytB and ND2) and nuclear genes (I7BF, I5BF, and G3PDH) of 41 samples representing six subspecies, we describe the existing molecular lineages of , and estimate their demographic dynamics. We used Ecological Niche Modeling (ENM) with six different algorithms to predict the potential distribution of in both present-day and past scenarios, examining the overlap climatic niche between Cis- and Trans-Andean lineages.

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