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Objectives: To present cases of rapid onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, and autonomic dysregulation (ROHHAD) and discuss management insights.

Methods: Case records of patients fulfilling the criteria for ROHHAD and presenting to the Pediatric Endocrinology Division of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, between July 2019 and June 2024 were reviewed for clinical features, treatments, and outcomes.

Results: Five patients (4 boys, 1 girl) presented at a median age of 4 y (range 3.

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Rapid-onset obesity with hypoventilation, hypothalamic dysfunction, and autonomic dysregulation (ROHHAD) is a rare syndrome presenting in early childhood associated with a high risk of mortality between 50 and 60%. It is characterised by rapid, early onset of obesity between 1.5-7 years, along with central hypoventilation and hypothalamic dysfunction, such as central hypothyroidism, hyperprolactinemia, disorders of sodium and water balance, growth hormone deficiency, adrenocortical insufficiency, or disorders of puberty and features of autonomic dysregulation.

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Article Synopsis
  • - This study investigated the prevalence and associated factors of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) among female health sciences students in Kuwait, finding a prevalence rate of 16.3% among participants.
  • - The study identified significant risk factors linked to PCOS, including hyperprolactinemia, menstrual irregularities, a family history of PCOS, hirsutism, and male pattern baldness.
  • - The authors suggest that increasing awareness and early diagnosis could help reduce the impact of PCOS in the region, potentially guiding future research on the effectiveness of such initiatives.
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  • * A case study of a 14-year-old girl highlighted the challenges of diagnosing prolactinomas, as her symptoms were initially mistaken for normal developmental changes, but later evaluations showed a significant pituitary mass.
  • * Early surgical treatment successfully normalized prolactin levels and triggered normal puberty in the patient, emphasizing that adolescents with aggressive tumors may benefit from prompt surgery instead of relying solely on medication.
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Background: In the context of rheumatoid arthritis and its systemic inflammatory implications, there is an increasing interest in investigating the role of prolactin in the clinical and metabolic aspects of the disease. This study aimed to explore the potential links between serum prolactin levels, serum glucose levels, and the clinical manifestations of arthritis.

Methods: This exploratory, cross-sectional, observational study focused on women diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis.

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