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Cryopreservation of brain cell structure: a review.
Free Neuropathol
January 2024
Friedman Brain Institute, Departments of Pathology, Neuroscience, and Artificial Intelligence & Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Cryopreservation, the preservation of tissues at subzero temperatures, is a mainstay of brain banking that allows for the storage of brain tissue without the use of chemical fixatives. This is particularly important for molecular studies that are incompatible with tissue fixation. However, brain tissue is vulnerable to various forms of damage during the cryopreservation process, in particular due to the phase transition of water from a liquid to a solid state with the formation of ice crystals, which can disrupt cellular morphology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChanges in microcirculation variables in an acute endotoxaemic equine model.
Equine Vet J
January 2025
Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany.
Background: Microcirculation is the essential link between macrocirculation and cellular metabolism.
Objectives: To test our hypotheses that microcirculation variables will show a heterogeneous flow pattern during experimental endotoxaemia, and that fluid therapy and noradrenaline (NA) infusion will normalise altered microcirculation variables.
Study Design: In vivo experiments.
Reproducibility and diagnostic performance of superb microvascular Imaging's vascular index in solid breast lesions.
Clin Radiol
December 2024
Breast Unit, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Uttoxeter Rd, Derby DE22 3NE, UK.
Aim: Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) is a new ultrasound tool that can detect small blood vessels while cancelling out artefacts. It may be useful in detecting the vascularity associated with malignant breast lesions. This study evaluated the reproducibility and diagnostic performance of SMI's Vascular Index (VI) in differentiating benign from malignant solid breast lesions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpeech Enhancement for Cochlear Implant Recipients using Deep Complex Convolution Transformer with Frequency Transformation.
IEEE/ACM Trans Audio Speech Lang Process
February 2024
CRSS: Center for Robust Speech Systems; Cochlear Implant Processing Laboratory (CILab), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, USA.
The presence of background noise or competing talkers is one of the main communication challenges for cochlear implant (CI) users in speech understanding in naturalistic spaces. These external factors distort the time-frequency (T-F) content including magnitude spectrum and phase of speech signals. While most existing speech enhancement (SE) solutions focus solely on enhancing the magnitude response, recent research highlights the importance of phase in perceptual speech quality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the spinal cord is relevant for studying sensation, movement, and autonomic function. Preprocessing of spinal cord fMRI data involves segmentation of the spinal cord on gradient-echo echo planar imaging (EPI) images. Current automated segmentation methods do not work well on these data, due to the low spatial resolution, susceptibility artifacts causing distortions and signal drop-out, ghosting, and motion-related artifacts.
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