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The translational potential of inflammation-induced skin blister human models in exploring the pathogenesis of periodontitis and its systemic health implications.
Front Immunol
December 2024
Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Periodontitis is a highly prevalent chronic disease. Despite decades of extensive research on the topic, a complete understanding of its immunopathogenesis, especially when linked to other inflammatory comorbidities, is lacking. human and animal experiments have shown the host inflammatory response's crucial role in both the disease's onset and its systemic implications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA new model measuring bacterial phagocytosis and phagolysosomal oxidisation in humans using the intradermal injection of methylene blue-labelled Escherichia coli.
J Leukoc Biol
October 2024
Department of Ageing, Rheumatology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Phagocytosis is a key immune function of white blood cells (leucocytes), but current models can't measure it in human tissues directly.
- Researchers developed a new method using intradermal injection of methylene blue-labelled E. coli (MBEC) that allows for the measurement of this process in human skin.
- The study showed that neutrophils and monocytes from inflamed tissue took up more MB than those in blood, demonstrating the model's potential for various research applications, including understanding phagocyte biology and infection risks in specific populations.
Final Results from SAUL, a Single-arm International Study of Atezolizumab in Unselected Patients with Pretreated Locally Advanced/Metastatic Urinary Tract Carcinoma.
Eur Urol Focus
June 2024
Department of Urology, Campus Lübeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Atezolizumab was assessed for its safety in a diverse group of patients with pretreated urinary tract carcinoma (UTC) in the SAUL study, which included those typically excluded from clinical trials.
- The study involved 1004 patients and found that 68 patients continued treatment for over 4 years, with 16% experiencing serious treatment-related adverse events.
- Long-term results show a median overall survival of 8.6 months, with 14% of patients surviving more than 4 years, indicating the drug's potential benefits in real-world settings with complex patient profiles.
Flow-based basophil activation test in immediate drug hypersensitivity. An EAACI task force position paper.
Allergy
March 2024
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Diagnosing immediate drug hypersensitivity reactions (IDHRs) can pose a significant challenge and there is an urgent need for safe and reliable tests. Evidence has emerged that the basophil activation test (BAT), an in vitro assay that mirrors the in vivo response, can be a complementary test for many drugs. In this position paper, members of Task Force (TF) "Basophil activation test in the evaluation of Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions" from the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) present the data from a survey about the use and utility of BAT in IDHRs in Europe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSocial disparities in cardiovascular mortality of patients with cancer in the USA between 1999 and 2019.
Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev
December 2023
Keele Cardiovascular Research Group, Keele University, Keele, UK.
Article Synopsis
- - The study analyzed cardiovascular mortality trends from 1999 to 2019 in cancer patients vs non-cancer patients in the US, identifying that a significant portion of cardiovascular deaths occurred in those with a history of cancer (572,222 out of 17.9 million).
- - Cardiovascular age-adjusted mortality rates decreased more in cancer patients (-51.6%) compared to non-cancer patients (-38.3%), with the most significant reductions seen in colorectal, prostate, and breast cancers.
- - While many social disparities in mortality rates lessened over time, urban-rural inequalities increased, particularly among cancer patients, highlighting the need for healthcare reforms to address these disparities in access to cardio-oncology services.
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