Development of A. fumigatus in the host tissues is due to the intrinsic biological characteristics of this fungus and to the impairment of the cellular defence reactions of the host. However, even today the understanding of the factors governing the infectivity of A. fumigatus remains very limited. For example, the cellular mechanisms involved in the killing of A. fumigatus are still not elucidated. The cellular site(s) of infection and the role of the different lung epithelia in the establishment of the fungus are unknown. No specific fungal virulence factors have been identified until now. Molecular biology techniques are powerful tools to investigate the pathogenesis of invasive aspergillosis. Recent developments in the study of this mycosis are presented in this review.
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