This article reports on the hazard of mortality of aging retired- and disabled-worker men over the decade after they became Social Security beneficiaries. Basic patterns of mortality rates are described using data from the 1982 New Beneficiary Survey linked to administrative records. The article examines the association of increasing age, race, socioeconomic status, private health insurance, and other demographic and health characteristics with the duration of life between the two groups of men, using statistical models. Over the decade, the hazard of death for retired workers significantly increased with aging and with lower socioeconomic status. The hazard of death for the disabled was significantly associated with being black.
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