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Background: Patients after transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation (TPVI) are at increased risk for infective prosthetic valve endocarditis. Diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE) following TPVI is particularly difficult due to impaired visualization of the transcatheter pulmonary valve (TPV) with echocardiography [Delgado V, Ajmone Marsan N, de Waha S, Bonaros N, Brida M, Burri H, et al. 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of endocarditis.

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Background: Since the transcatheter valve-in-valve (ViV) procedure was introduced in 2007, a few cases of infective endocarditis (IE) following the ViV procedure have been reported, which can be predisposed by older age, pre-existing medical conditions, and procedural techniques. Paravalvular abscesses constitute a rare complication of IE, resulting from extending IE beyond the valve annulus, less commonly caused by species. This complication is more common in prosthetic valves, particularly bioprosthetic valves.

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Background: Transcatheter valve-in-valve replacement (TMViVR) is an alternative option for patients with bioprosthetic valve failure (BVF) who are at high surgical risk. Although infective endocarditis (IE) after transcatheter mitral valve-in-valve replacement is unusual, it is associated with significantly high mortality.

Case Presentation: An 81-year-old male patient was admitted with intermittent thoracic tightness, chest pain persisting for 3 years, and shortness of breath with nausea for 1 week.

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Thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysms are a rare but serious complication of infectious processes, often resulting from mycotic (infectious) aneurysms, occurring when the vessel wall is compromised by an infection, leading to the formation of a pseudoaneurysm [1]. Mycotic aneurysms typically result from bacteremia or fungemia, with common sources being infective endocarditis or other systemic infections. Tuberculosis, though a common infectious disease worldwide, is an unusual cause of aortic pseudoaneurysm formation.

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PDA-associated infective endocarditis with pulmonary artery perforation.

Pak J Med Sci

January 2025

Muhammad Ali Mumtaz, MD FACS. Tahir Heart Institute, Fazl-e-Omar Hospital, Chenab Nagar, District Chiniot, Pakistan.

Infective endocarditis used to frequently cause mortality in subjects having PDA before the advent of antibiotics and surgical ligation. It has been documented that clinically silent PDAs may cause infective complications of heart valves. We present case of an 18-years-old male who presented with palpitations and fever to our emergency department.

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