The purpose of this paper is to describe the general principle of MRI, emphasising the practical conduct of the examination which consists of three main phases. The authors define the concepts of relaxation time and T1 and T2, essential parameters for the understanding of MRI. They simply explain how to recognise a predominance of T1- or T2-weighting on MRI images. They review the principal artefacts which must be recognised in order to avoid erroneous interpretation of the images. Lastly, they define the value of MRI in clinical urology, renal pathology, especially neoplastic, and prostatic and bladder disease.
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