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Frameshift variation in the HMG-CoA reductase gene and unresponsiveness to cholesterol-lowering drugs in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, KRG, Erbil, Iraq.
Dyslipidemia, an imbalance in blood lipid levels, is a frequent complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and heightens the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Statins, which inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, are potent competitive inhibitors that reduce plasma cholesterol levels. However, individual responses to statins can vary markedly, possibly due to genetic variations in the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) gene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCorticosteroid effects on IL-10 and IL-1β in U937-derived macrophages: A model for Kawasaki disease-associated inflammation.
Cytokine
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics and Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a pediatric vasculitis that has a predilection for coronary artery involvement. Activated macrophages play an important role in the destruction of the coronary arteries in KD. Although intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is standard therapy, corticosteroids are sometimes given to patients at a higher risk of IVIG non-responsiveness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunogenicity of Therapeutic Antibodies Used for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Treatment and Clinical Considerations.
Drugs
November 2024
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
The introduction of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors has led to a paradigm shift in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The subsequent introduction of both anti-integrins and cytokine blockers has since expanded the biologic armamentarium. However, immunogenicity, defined as the production of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) to the prescribed biopharmaceutical, means a significant fraction of patients exposed to biologic agents will experience a secondary loss of response to one or more of the drugs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHumoral factors in serum as predictors of therapeutic response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis.
Int J Rheum Dis
November 2024
Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of serum humoral factors in determining the therapeutic responses to biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs), especially TNF inhibitors (TNFis), in patients with RA.
Methods: A cohort of 52 patients with RA who were treated with bDMARDs, including TNFis, abatacept, and tocilizumab, was analyzed. Serum samples were collected at baseline (t1), 5 ± 1 (t2), and 14 ± 2 weeks (t3) after treatment.
How far are we from the best preclinical models of drug-resistant epilepsy?
Epilepsy Behav
December 2024
Pharmacobiology Department, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, México City, Mexico. Electronic address:
Drug-resistant epilepsy has a high prevalence worldwide despite efforts such as the Epilepsy Therapy Screening Program conducted by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. It is indicated that drug-resistant epilepsy has various manifestations, and each pattern of manifestation can be modeled using precise experimental models. However, the experimental models used to identify new antiseizure medications to control drug-resistant epilepsy to date do not typically take into account various clinical factors associated with this condition.
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