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CHOLINERGIC MODULATION OF CELLULAR RESONANCE IN NON-HUMAN PRIMATE HIPPOCAMPUS.
bioRxiv
January 2025
Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195-7290, USA.
Acetylcholine modulates the network physiology of the hippocampus, a crucial brain structure that supports cognition and memory formation in mammals . In this and adjacent regions, synchronized neuronal activity within theta-band oscillations (4-10Hz) is correlated with attentive processing that leads to successful memory encoding . Acetylcholine facilitates the hippocampus entering a theta oscillatory regime and modulates the temporal organization of activity within theta oscillations .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMuscarinic Modulation of Network Excitability and Short-Term Dynamics in the Dorsal and Ventral Hippocampus.
MicroPubl Biol
December 2024
Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of Patras, Pátrai, West Greece, Greece.
Cholinergic transmission fundamentally modulates information processing in the brain via muscarinic receptors. Using electrophysiological recordings of population spikes from the CA1 region, we found that the muscarinic receptor agonist carbachol (CCh, 1 μM) enhances the basal excitation level in the dorsal but not ventral hippocampus. Using a frequency stimulation protocol, we found that CCh transforms depression of neuronal output into facilitation (at 3-30 Hz) in the ventral hippocampus while only lessening depression in the dorsal hippocampus, suggesting that muscarinic transmission boosts basal neuronal activation in the dorsal hippocampus and strongly facilitates the output of the ventral hippocampus in a frequency-dependent manner.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferential suppression of hippocampal network oscillations by neuropeptide Y.
Neuropharmacology
March 2025
Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is the most abundant neuropeptide in the brain. It exerts anxiolytic and anticonvulsive actions, reduces stress and suppresses fear memory. While its effects at the behavioral and cellular levels have been well studied, much less is known about the modulation of physiological activity patterns at the network level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCalmodulin enhances mTORC1 signaling by preventing TSC2-Rheb binding.
J Biol Chem
December 2024
Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan. Electronic address:
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) functions as a master regulator of cell growth and proliferation. We previously demonstrated that intracellular calcium ion (Ca) concentration modulates the mTORC1 pathway via binding of the Ca sensor protein calmodulin (CaM) to tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2), a critical negative regulator of mTORC1. However, the precise molecular mechanism by which Ca/CaM modulates mTORC1 activity remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the relaxation effects of Coptis chinensis and berberine on the lower esophageal sphincter: potential strategies for LES motility disorders.
BMC Complement Med Ther
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No. 1, Yi-Da Road, Yan-Chao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan, R.O.C..
Article Synopsis
- Esophageal achalasia is a condition that affects the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), leading to symptoms like difficulty swallowing, chest pain, and weight loss, with traditional treatments providing limited relief.
- This study investigates the effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Medicine, specifically Coptis chinensis and its active component berberine, in promoting LES relaxation as a potential alternative treatment.
- Results indicate that both C. chinensis extract and berberine significantly relax the LES by activating potassium channels, suggesting further research is warranted for their therapeutic use in esophageal disorders like achalasia.
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