[Mechanisms of renal adaptation to disorders of water-electrolyte balance in metabolic acidosis].

The albino rat experiments have demonstrated that despite the type, metabolic acidosis causes an increase in plasma and urinary osmolarity, hyperkalemia and hypernatremia, enhanced urinary excretion of potassium, phosphates, and titrated acids with a tendency for the glomerular filtration rate and urinary pH to be lowered with the increased concentrations of plasma vasopressin and insulin and renal cortical PGE2. Hyperchlorinemic acidosis without increases in the anion difference is accompanied by severe chloremia, natriuresis, chloruresis, ammoniuresis without diuretic changes with the inhibited renin-aldosterone system and progesterone synthesis. Lactate acidosis with a growing anion difference leads to lower diuresis, Na+ and Cl- excretion without enhancing ammonium excretion in the presence of elevated plasma levels of renin, aldosterone, and progesterone. It is concluded that in metabolic acidosis, adaptation to water-electrolytic exchange derangements greatly depends upon the type of metabolic acidosis and it is mediated by hormones to a considerable extent.