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Nonallergic Rhinopathy: A Comprehensive Review of Classification, Diagnosis, and Treatment.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
June 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio. Electronic address:
Chronic nonallergic rhinitis syndromes encompass various conditions, of which vasomotor rhinitis is the most common form, representing approximately 80% of patients, also referred to as nonallergic rhinopathy (NAR), nasal hyperreactivity, neurogenic rhinitis, or idiopathic rhinitis. Expert panels have recommended replacing vasomotor rhinitis terminology because it is more descriptive of this condition that is characterized by symptoms triggered by chemical irritants and weather changes through chemosensors, mechanosensors, thermosensors, and/or osmosensors activated through different transient receptor potential calcium ion channels. Elucidating the specific role of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1, triggered by capsaicin, has been an important advancement in better understanding the pathophysiology of NAR because it has now been shown that downregulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptors by several therapeutic compounds provides symptomatic relief for this condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeneral classification of rhinopaties: the need for standardization according to etiology and nasal cytology.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
November 2023
Unit of Otolaryngology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Luigi Pinto 1, 71122, Foggia, Italy.
Background: Rhinitis is as an inflammation of the nasal mucosa, characterized by high prevalence, widespread morbidity, and a significant financial burden on health care systems. Nevertheless, it is often considered as no more than a mere annoyance. This point of view has progressively led to underestimate and trivialize the disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNonallergic Rhinitis: Treatment.
Immunol Allergy Clin North Am
May 2016
Qld Allergy Services, Clinical School of Medicine, Griffith University, 17/123 Nerang Street, Southport, Queensland 4215, Australia.
Chronic nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) is a syndrome rather than a specific disease. A lack of understanding of the pathogenesis of this condition has led to imprecise terminology with several alternate names for the condition, including vasomotor rhinitis, nonallergic rhinopathy, and idiopathic rhinitis. The therapy for NAR is best based on the underlying pathology, which typically exists in a form whereby an abnormality of the autonomic nervous system is dominant or a form in which inflammation seems to be the cause of symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Non-allergic Rhinitis: Epidemiology, Diagnostic and Therapy].
Laryngorhinootologie
December 2015
Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie der Universität Greifswald (Direktor: Prof. Dr. W. Hosemann).
Non-allergic rhinitis is a heterogenous group of medical diseases without an IgE-mediated pathophysiology. In this review, typical subgroups are presented with data regarding their frequency, clinical symptoms and recommendations for an effective and efficient diagnostic and therapeutic approach are indicated. The most common subtype is the non-allergic rhinopathy, also known as idiopathic or vasomotoric rhinitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF"Overlapped" rhinitis: a real trap for rhinoallergologists.
Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol
November 2014
Section of Otolaryngology Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs University of Bari, Italy E-mail:
Under the broad heading of "vasomotor" rhinitis two big groups can be distinguished: allergic rhinitis (IgE-mediated), and nonallergic rhinitis. Since they are two separate nosological entities, they can co-exist in the same patient, classifying themselves in the group of "overlapped" rhinitis (OR). Although not absolutely rare (indeed it is estimated a 15-20% incidence among all vasomotor rhinopathies), this condition is not investigated and diagnosed, with significant implications in the clinical-diagnostic and therapeutic field.
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