In order to understand the molecular basis of glucose regulation supporting visual function, this study examined the presence of GLUT2, a facilitated-diffusion glucose transporter isoform, and delineated its localization in the rat retina. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) demonstrated the presence of GLUT2 mRNA, and immunoblot analysis using polyclonal antibody specific to rat GLUT2 revealed a band at a molecular weight of approximately 60 kDa, indicating the presence of GLUT2 protein in the rat retina. Fluorescence and electron microscopy localized GLUT2 expression to the apical ends of Müller cells that face the inter-photoreceptor space. These findings suggest that GLUT2 on Müller cells may control intra-retinal glucose homeostasis by performing both anterior and posterior glucose transport within the rat retina. This is the first study to provide evidence that GLUT2 is present in the mammalian central nervous system and indicates that GLUT2 may have local glucose homeostatic functions within the retina in addition to its role in the regulation of systemic blood glucose level.
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