Emergency department (ED) length of stay, illness severity, and patterns of ED-based testing can be used to compare different ED patient populations. To assess the relative significance of ED patients with dizziness and chest pain in emergency medicine practice, the investigators formed a retrospective chart review of 3,864 adults (age > or = 16 years) seen at the University of North Carolina Hospitals' ED during May and June of 1991. Patients were eligible if they had any complaint of dizziness (n = 259), nontraumatic chest pain (n = 168), or both (n = 18). ED length of stay and illness severity, as measured by Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, were not significantly different between the two groups. Dizzy and chest-pain patients were both high users of ED-based testing, but management patterns were different. Chest-pain patients were more likely to undergo electrocardiogram and x-ray testing, whereas dizzy patients more often received testing such as brain computed tomography scanning (10.8% v 3.6%, P = .01). ED patients with dizziness and chest pain were similar with regard to ED length of stay. Given their overall similarities to the chest-pain group, dizzy patients appear to represent a significant population of ED patients and may warrant more clinical study.
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