The paper summarizes the results of the activities of the All-Russian Research Institute of Medical Industry on the development of electric stimulating equipment for anesthesiology and the experience in its application. It also deals with electrostimulations, such as transcranial (transcerebral) electroanalgesia, transdermal (transcutaneous) electroneurostimulation, epidural (peridural) electrostimulation, perineural electric neurostimulation, testing electrostimulation of peripheral nerves in making regional anesthesia, electric neurostimulating testing of neuromuscular transmission. The developed monofunctional Delta-101, Delta-102, Delta-301, Synapse-1 electric neurostimulators and a polyfunctional Anestim-PF apparatus used in anesthesiological care and other related medical fields.
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JMIR AI
January 2025
Department of Information Systems and Business Analytics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.
Background: In the contemporary realm of health care, laboratory tests stand as cornerstone components, driving the advancement of precision medicine. These tests offer intricate insights into a variety of medical conditions, thereby facilitating diagnosis, prognosis, and treatments. However, the accessibility of certain tests is hindered by factors such as high costs, a shortage of specialized personnel, or geographic disparities, posing obstacles to achieving equitable health care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJMIR Med Inform
January 2025
Department of Systems Design Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Background: While expert optometrists tend to rely on a deep understanding of the disease and intuitive pattern recognition, those with less experience may depend more on extensive data, comparisons, and external guidance. Understanding these variations is important for developing artificial intelligence (AI) systems that can effectively support optometrists with varying degrees of experience and minimize decision inconsistencies.
Objective: The main objective of this study is to identify and analyze the variations in diagnostic decision-making approaches between novice and expert optometrists.
J Med Microbiol
January 2025
Animal and Agriculture Department, Hartpury University, Gloucester, GL19 3BE, UK.
Microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) consisting of the rumen and hindgut (the small intestine, cecum and colon) in dairy calves play a vital role in their growth and development. This review discusses the development of dairy calf intestinal microbiomes with an emphasis on the impact that husbandry and rearing management have on microbiome development, health and growth of pre-weaned dairy calves. The diversity and composition of the microbes that colonize the lower GIT (small and large intestine) can have a significant impact on the growth and development of the calf, through influence on nutrient metabolism, immune modulation, resistance or susceptibility to infection, production outputs and behaviour modification in adult life.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Department of Hydrogen and Renewable Energy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
The side-chain directions in nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) strongly influence the intermolecular interactions in NFAs; however, the influence of these side chains on the morphologies and charge carrier dynamics of Y6-based acceptors remains underexplored. In this study, we synthesize four distinct Y6-based acceptors, i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Vis Exp
January 2025
Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità.
Transgender (TG) people are individuals whose gender identity and sex assigned at birth do not match. They often undergo gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT), a medical intervention that allows the acquisition of secondary sex characteristics more aligned with their individual gender identity, providing consistent results in the improvement of numerous socio-psychological variables. However, GAHT targets different body systems, and some side effects are recorded, although not yet fully identified and characterized.
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