14 cases of osteochondroplastic tracheobronchopathy (OT) are studied histologically. The disease is characterized by formation of cartilage and bone tissue in the submucosa of the trachea and bronchi outside their own cartilagenous carcass. Its histogenesis is not clear and is attributed to chronic bronchitis, specific inflammation, dysembryogenetic alterations, endocrine disorders, environmental and occupational hazards, amyloidosis of the trachea. The process is localized in the trachea and bronchi as an isolated and rarely as a diffuse lesion. Morphologically, normal or atrophic mucous membrane is observed, at some places with a squamous metaplasia. Areas of cartilage with calcium deposits and foci of bone having a trabecular structure with formation of spongious bone tissue, sometimes with bone marrow, were found.
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