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Beyond neuropsychological tests: AI speech analysis in PKU.
J Inherit Metab Dis
January 2025
Division of Digital Health, IBM TJ Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a metabolic disorder that leads to high levels of phenylalanine, affecting speech and cognitive function.
- Researchers used the Cookie Theft Picture Task to analyze spontaneous speech from adults with PKU and found significant linguistic differences compared to those without the disorder, despite traditional tests showing no differences.
- Advanced AI analysis identified a new dimension of verbal proficiency correlated with PKU biomarkers, suggesting potential for improved assessments in PKU and other rare diseases through speech analysis.
From Doubt to Confidence-Overcoming Fraudulent Submissions by Bots and Other Takers of a Web-Based Survey.
J Med Internet Res
December 2024
Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
In 2019, we launched a web-based longitudinal survey of adults who frequently use e-cigarettes, called the Vaping and Patterns of E-cigarette Use Research (VAPER) Study. The initial attempt to collect survey data failed due to fraudulent survey submissions, likely submitted by survey bots and other survey takers. This paper chronicles the journey from that setback to the successful completion of 5 waves of data collection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDietary glycation compounds - implications for human health.
Crit Rev Toxicol
September 2024
Department of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
The term "glycation compounds" comprises a wide range of structurally diverse compounds that are formed endogenously and in food the Maillard reaction, a chemical reaction between reducing sugars and amino acids. Glycation compounds produced endogenously are considered to contribute to a range of diseases. This has led to the hypothesis that glycation compounds present in food may also cause adverse effects and thus pose a nutritional risk to human health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMachine Learning Approach to Comparing Fatty Acid Profiles of Common Food Products Sold on Romanian Market.
Foods
November 2023
National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Food composition issues represent an increasing concern nowadays, in the context of diverse food commodity varieties. The contents and types of fatty acids are a constant preoccupation among consumers because of their reflections of nutrition and health problems. This study aims to find the best tool for the rapid and reliable identification of similarities and differences among several food items from a fatty acid profile perspective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood and Nutrition Surveillance System markers predict diet quality.
Rev Saude Publica
November 2023
Universidade de São Paulo . Faculdade de Saúde Pública . Departamento de Nutrição . São Paulo , SP , Brazil.
Objective: To investigate the performance of food consumption markers of the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (Sisvan) in assessing the overall dietary quality.
Methods: The study was carried out based on the reproduction of responses to markers in 24-hour recall data from 46,164 individuals aged ≥ 10 years, from the 2017-2018 Household Budget Survey (POF). Seven Sisvan markers were evaluated, and two scores were calculated for each participant, based on the sum of the number of healthy food markers (beans, fruits, and vegetables, ranging from 0 to 3) and unhealthy (hamburgers/sausages, sweetened beverages, instant noodles/salt snacks/crackers, stuffed cookies/sweets/candies, ranging from 0 to 4) consumed.
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