This pilot study examined the hypothesis that magnetic resonance imaging T2 relaxation times of specific brain regions increase after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and that these increases are related to the cognitive side effects of ECT. Six depressed patients undergoing unilateral ECT were studied. The results demonstrate significant post-ECT T2 increases in the right and left thalamus, and suggest a correlation between regional T2 increase and anterograde memory impairment following ECT. These findings are consistent with a post-ECT increase in brain water content (perhaps secondary to a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier) and suggest that this process may be related to the memory impairment following ECT.
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Alterations in resting-state EEG functional connectivity in patients with major depressive disorder receiving electroconvulsive therapy: A systematic review.
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Experimental Cognitive and Clinical Affective Neuroscience (ECAN) Laboratory, Department of Clinical Research (DKF), University of Basel, Switzerland; Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, University Psychiatric Clinics (UPK) Basel, Switzerland.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is highly efficacious for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), but its mechanisms still require clarification. Even though depression is associated with alterations in functional connectivity (FC), EEG studies investigating effects of ECT on FC have not been systematically reviewed. Understanding these effects may help to identify the role of functional brain circuits in depression and its remission.
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Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Frederiksberg Hospital, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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