[Humoral autoimmunity markers in autoimmune endocrine diseases].

To clarify the value of autoantibodies as risk factors of complications in various endocrine abnormalities, the incidence of autoantibodies to thyroid microsomal antigen (ATMA), thyroglobulin, and the surface antigens of the rat islet, adrenal cortex, adenohypophyseal cells and human skin fibroblasts was studied in patients with insulin-dependent mellitus (IDDM), at the onset of the disease and during one-year insulin therapy, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), Hashimoto thyroiditis, Graves' disease, diabetes associated with thyroidal dysfunction, euthyroid polynodular goiter, Schmidt and polyglandular syndromes and in the population. The antibodies were determined by ELISA. Polyclonal activation of the immune system was found in all abnormalities, except in polyglandular in children. The proportion of patients with more than one type of antibodies was minimal (26.4%) in IDDM and maximal (62.0%) in Graves' disease. Among IDDM patients, polyclonal activation of the immune system was observed more often in women than in men (48.5 vs 8.5%). The persistence of antibodies to fibroblasts in IDDM patients was associated with the development of vascular complications. The latter were observed in 4 of 7 patients who had these antibodies during a year and in none of negative patients. Thus, fibroblast antibodies may have a predicative significance for the development of late diabetic complications. The highest prevalence of these antibodies was discovered in Graves' disease (37.9%) wherein the antibodies may be involved in the development of exophthalmus and pretibial mixedema. Thyroidal dysfunction developed in all IDDM patients with ATMA preserved during a year and in none ATMA-negative patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)