Optimization of treatment of the tennis player with an upper extremity overuse injury requires a thorough understanding and analysis of the biomechanical and physiologic stresses inherent in the game of tennis. Anatomic adaptations found in the upper extremity of elite tennis players provide the framework for evaluation and treatment of overuse injury through both an anatomically based total-arm strength program and efforts to normalize joint arthrokinematics. Integration of these key factors allows the clinician to rehabilitate the patient and design preventive conditioning programs in a scientifically based, sport-specific manner.
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