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Enhancing mass vaccination programs with queueing theory and spatial optimization.
Front Public Health
January 2025
Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Background: Mass vaccination is a cornerstone of public health emergency preparedness and response. However, injudicious placement of vaccination sites can lead to the formation of long waiting lines or , which discourages individuals from waiting to be vaccinated and may thus jeopardize the achievement of public health targets. Queueing theory offers a framework for modeling queue formation at vaccination sites and its effect on vaccine uptake.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSafety and immunogenicity of an optimized self-replicating RNA platform for low dose or single dose vaccine applications: a randomized, open label Phase I study in healthy volunteers.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Replicate Bioscience Inc, San Diego, CA, USA.
Self-replicating RNA (srRNA) technology, in comparison to mRNA vaccines, has shown dose-sparing by approximately 10-fold and more durable immune responses. However, no improvements are observed in the adverse events profile. Here, we develop an srRNA vaccine platform with optimized non-coding regions and demonstrate immunogenicity and safety in preclinical and clinical development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmRNA Vaccines Against COVID-19 as Trailblazers for Other Human Infectious Diseases.
Vaccines (Basel)
December 2024
Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Unicamillus, International School of Medicine, 00131 Rome, Italy.
Unlabelled: mRNA vaccines represent a milestone in the history of vaccinology, because they are safe, very effective, quick and cost-effective to produce, easy to adapt should the antigen vary, and able to induce humoral and cellular immunity.
Methods: To date, only two COVID-19 mRNA and one RSV vaccines have been approved. However, several mRNA vaccines are currently under development for the prevention of human viral (influenza, human immunodeficiency virus [HIV], Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, Zika, respiratory syncytial virus, metapneumovirus/parainfluenza 3, Chikungunya, Nipah, rabies, varicella zoster virus, and herpes simplex virus 1 and 2), bacterial (tuberculosis), and parasitic (malaria) diseases.
Incidence of suspected human rabies virus exposure and associated risk factors in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis.
BMC Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, 680, Ethiopia.
Background: Despite the World Health Organization's 2030 goal of zero deaths, rabies disproportionately affects Asia and Africa, causing 55,000 deaths and 8.6 billion monetary losses annually. In Ethiopia, dogs are the primary cause of human rabies virus exposure due to their close interaction with humans and other domestic animals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBurden of human rabies disease: its potential prevention by means of Rabipur vaccine.
J Prev Med Hyg
September 2024
Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Rabies is a zoonotic viral disease transmitted mainly by bites of infected animals, especially dogs, which are responsible for 99% of human cases. Despite being preventable, it remains a neglected disease in low-income countries, with approximately 60,000 deaths per year, mostly concentrated in Africa and Asia. The real worldwide burden of rabies is probably underestimated, as death-reporting systems are inadequate and active surveillance is limited.
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