An analysis of 67 cases of skin melanoma of feet and legs aggravated by the risk of regional metastatic spreading established a significant improvement in five-year survival (over 30%) in patients who had undergone prophylactic lymphadenectomy. Indications for preventive surgery are suggested and rationale of its extent is discussed.
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Front Oncol
January 2025
Endocrinology Unit, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Background: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 syndrome (MEN2) is a hereditary disease resulting from mutations of the rearranged during transfection (RET) protooncogene subclassified into MEN2A [medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), pheochromocytoma, and primary hyperparathyroidism] and MEN2B (MTC, pheochromocytoma, Marfanoid habitus, mucous neuromas, and intestinal ganglioneuromatosis). Prophylactic thyroidectomy is recommended in RET-mutated patients. The age at which it should be performed depends on the type and aggressiveness of the mutation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioact Mater
April 2025
Wellman Center for Photomedicine and Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Cancer nanovaccines hold the promise for personalization, precision, and pliability by integrating all the elements essential for effective immune stimulation. An effective immune response requires communication and interplay between antigen-presenting cells (APCs), tumor cells, and immune cells to stimulate, extend, and differentiate antigen-specific and non-specific anti-tumor immune cells. The versatility of nanomedicine can be adapted to deliver both immunoadjuvant payloads and antigens from the key players in immunity (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunology
January 2025
National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
Insights into the underlying immunological mechanisms of prophylactic sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) may support the development of new strategies for improved prevention and treatment of food allergy. Here, we investigated the humoral, regulatory and sublingual tissue immune response to prophylactic SLIT administration of a single purified peanut allergen in Brown Norway (BN) rats. BN rats received daily sublingual administration of peanut allergen Ara h 6 for three weeks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicina (Kaunas)
December 2024
Thoracic Surgery Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy.
Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare endocrine malignancy that poses significant diagnostic challenges due to its resemblance to benign conditions. This case series describes the clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and short-term outcomes of four male patients (aged 54, 65, 73, and 74 years) with primary hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia. The preoperative diagnosis of PC remains challenging; suspicion should arise in cases of severe hypercalcemia, elevated parathyroid hormone levels, and the presence of a mass on imaging or during surgery.
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