The history of "slobbers syndrome," a mycotoxicosis associated with Rhizoctonia leguminicola infestation of pastures and stored forages, is discussed. The chemistry and physiological effects of the two known biologically active alkaloids of R. leguminicola, slaframine and swainsonine, are described. Slaframine administration is generally associated with increased exocrine function, especially salivation. Ingestion of swainsonine may be linked to serious and potentially lethal central nervous system defects similar to that described for locoism. However, the singular effects of these alkaloids do not completely account for the total clinical picture noted in the field during the occurrence of slobbers syndrome. It is possible that this phenomenon is the result of an interaction between both known and unidentified biologically active metabolites of R. leguminicola.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/1995.7351499x | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Feed-induced hypersalivation in horses from Austria, Germany and Switzerland.
Equine Vet J
November 2024
Lehrstuhl für Tierernährung und Diätetik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
Background: While previous reports come mostly from the southern Americas, several outbreaks of hypersalivation in horses were observed in Middle Europe from 2016 to 2018.
Objective: To describe feed-induced hypersalivation in European horses.
Study Design: Analysis of feedstuffs.
A review on mycotoxins and mycotoxicoses in ruminants and Equidae in South America.
Toxicon
August 2024
Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, CEP 79010-900, Brazil.
Of the mycotoxicoses caused by molds contaminating grains or their byproducts, leukoencephalomalacia of horses and less frequently aflatoxicosis in cattle have been reported in South America. However, the most important group of mycotoxins in the region are those caused by fungi that infect forages and other types of plants and have regional distribution. In this group, ergotism is important, both caused by Claviceps purpurea infecting grains or by Epichloë coenophiala infecting Schedonorus arundinaceus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnalysis of the Mycotoxin Levels and Expression Pattern of SWN Genes at Different Time Points in the Fungus .
Microorganisms
March 2024
Entomology, Plant Pathology, and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, 945 College Ave., Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA.
The fungal plant pathogen produces two mycotoxins that affect animals: slaframine, which causes slobbers, and swainsonine, which causes locoism. contains the swainsonine-associated orthologous gene clusters, "SWN", which include a multifunctional gene (NRPS-PKS hybrid), and (nonheme iron dioxygenase genes), and (reductase genes), and swnT (transmembrane transporter). In addition to these genes, two paralogs of , (paralog1) and (paralog2), are found in .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSilencing of the Transmembrane Transporter () Gene of the Fungus Results in a Reduction of Mycotoxin Transport.
J Fungi (Basel)
March 2023
Entomology, Plant Pathology, and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA.
infects red clover and other legumes, causing black patch disease. This pathogenic fungus also produces two mycotoxins, slaframine and swainsonine, that are toxic to livestock grazing on clover hay or pasture infested with . Swainsonine toxicosis causes locoism, while slaframine causes slobbers syndrome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRNAi-mediated down-regulation of a melanin polyketide synthase (pks1) gene in the fungus Slafractonia leguminicola.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol
September 2017
Molecular Biology Graduate Program, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA.
The fungus Slafractonia leguminicola, the causal agent of blackpatch disease of legumes produces two mycotoxins slaframine and swainsonine, causing slobbers' symptoms and locoism of grazing animals, respectively. The genetics of this important fungus is poorly understood. This work aimed to develop a genetic transformation system and evaluate the efficacy of RNA interference (RNAi) in S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!