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Chromomeres, Topologically Associating Domains and Structural Organization of Chromatin Bodies in Somatic Nuclei (Macronuclei) of Ciliates.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)
November 2024
Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Background: In the twentieth century, the textbook idea of packaging genomic material in the cell nucleus and metaphase chromosomes was the presence of a hierarchy of structural levels of chromatin organization: nucleosomes - nucleosomal fibrils -30 nm fibrils - chromomeres - chromonemata - mitotic chromosomes. Chromomeres were observed in partially decondensed chromosomes and interphase chromatin as ~100 nm globular structures. They were thought to consist of loops of chromatin fibres attached at their bases to a central protein core.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome-wide identification and comprehensive analyses of transcription factor gene family and expression analysis under and drought stress conditions in .
Front Plant Sci
August 2022
College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
The gene family is one of the largest plant transcription factors (TFs) families and plays important roles in plant growth, development, metabolism, and biotic and abiotic stresses. However, gene family has not been reported in passion fruit (). In this study, a total of 105 genes were identified in the passion fruit genome and were unevenly distributed across all nine-passion fruit chromomere, with a maximum of 48 genes on chromosome one.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructural organization of very small chromosomes: study on a single-celled evolutionary distant eukaryote Giardia intestinalis.
Chromosoma
March 2015
Department of Tropical Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic,
During mitotic prophase, chromosomes of the pathogenic unicellular eukaryote Giardia intestinalis condense in each of the cell's two nuclei. In this study, Giardia chromosomes were investigated using light microscopy, high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy, and in situ hybridization. For the first time, we describe the overall morphology, condensation stages, and mitotic segregation of these chromosomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChiasma frequency is region specific and chromosome conformation dependent in a rye chromosome added to wheat.
Cytogenet Genome Res
July 2010
Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
In many plant species synapsis starts at, or close to, the chromosome ends and this has been considered to be related to the distal location of chiasmata. In this regard we have studied the meiotic behavior of rye chromosome pair 5R in a wheat background using fluorescence in situ hybridization. The use of different DNA probes allowed the identification of the 2 rye homologues, their centromeres and subtelomeric heterochromatic chromomeres, and the telomeres of all chromosomes in prophase I and metaphase I.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChromosome centromeres: structural and analytical investigations with high resolution scanning electron microscopy in combination with focused ion beam milling.
Cytogenet Genome Res
July 2009
Department Biology I, Ultrastructural Research, Biozentrum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
Whole mount mitotic metaphase chromosomes of different plants and animals were investigated with high resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) to study the ultrastructural organization of centromeres, including metacentric, acrocentric, telocentric, and holocentric chromosome variants. It could be shown that, in general, primary constrictions have distinctive ultrastructural features characterized by parallel matrix fibrils and fewer smaller chromomeres. Exposure of these structures depends on cell cycle synchronization prior to chromosome isolation, chromosome size, and chromosome isolation technique.
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