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Using Acanthamoeba spp. as a cell model to evaluate Leishmania infections.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
October 2024
Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- Leishmaniasis is a serious disease that's hard to control because there are no vaccines, the medicines can be toxic, and some parasites have become super strong against treatments.
- Researchers want to find a simple way to study how Leishmania interacts with cells, and they think Acanthamoeba, tiny organisms similar to the cells Leishmania infects, could help.
- The study showed that Leishmania can infect and multiply inside Acanthamoeba without harming them, which means Acanthamoeba might be useful for understanding Leishmania infections better.
Severe COVID-19 in HIV/Leishmania infantum coinfected patient: a successfully managed case report.
BMC Infect Dis
August 2024
Departamento Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brasil.
Article Synopsis
- The COVID-19 pandemic was caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, leading to serious health issues including severe respiratory problems and potential death, especially in regions with high rates of HIV and Leishmania infantum infections.
- A case study of a 48-year-old woman in Brazil showed she was hospitalized for 36 days with a complicated coinfection of SARS-CoV-2, HIV, and Leishmania infantum, experiencing severe symptoms and concerning lab results, including low oxygen saturation and abnormal blood markers.
- Despite her critical condition and the complications from the coinfection, she was eventually discharged, highlighting the need for more research on how to effectively diagnose and manage patients with similar coexisting infections amid the COVID-19
T-cell activation, senescence, and exhaustion in asymptomatic HIV/Leish co-infection.
medRxiv
March 2023
Institute of Tropical Medicine of Rio Grande do Norte, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
Background: is an opportunistic parasitic infection. An immunocompromised state increases the risk of converting asymptomatic infection to symptomatic visceral leishmaniasis (VL), which has a ~5% fatality rate even with treatment. HIV coinfection increases the risk of death from VL.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparison of serum cytokine levels in symptomatic and asymptomatic HIV-Leishmania coinfected individuals from a Brazilian visceral leishmaniasis endemic area.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
June 2022
Department of Parasitology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute-Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a significant global health issue, particularly among individuals coinfected with HIV, who may experience atypical VL symptoms and a higher risk of disease relapse.
- This study analyzed cytokine levels in 134 participants (35 symptomatic VL-HIV coinfected, 75 asymptomatic VL-HIV coinfected, and 24 healthy controls) using a specialized testing method to understand differences in immune response.
- Results showed that symptomatic VL-HIV individuals had elevated levels of specific cytokines (IL-17A, IL-6, and IL-10) compared to both healthy controls and asymptomatic patients, highlighting the potential for these markers in assessing the severity of VL in HIV-coinfected cases
New world Leishmania spp. infection in people living with HIV: Concerns about relapses and secondary prophylaxis.
Acta Trop
December 2021
Laboratório de Imunidade Natural (LIN), Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. Electronic address:
Coinfection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Leishmania impairs immune responses, increases treatment failure and relapse rates in patients with American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL), as well as visceral leishmaniasis (VL). There is insufficient data on the treatment, relapse, and secondary prophylaxis in patients coinfected with HIV/Leishmania in Brazil. This study investigated patients with HIV/ATL and HIV/VL to describe the outcome of leishmaniasis in patients assisted at a referral hospital of Brazilian midwestern region.
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