A case of squamous cell carcinoma of renal pelvis is reported. A 73-year-old Caucasian male complained of macrohematuria. The echography and Computer Tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis revealed a large tumor mass in the right kidney associated with lymphadenopathy. A nephrectomy of the right kidney and lymphadenectomy were performed. The isotologic examination revealed a squamous carcinoma of the renal pelvis involving the renal parenchyma and extending to the perirenal fat. The regional lymph nodes were also involved. Neoplastic invasion of inferior vena cava was found. Squamous carcinoma in situ and squamous metaplasia were noted in the urothelium adjacent to the tumor. Three months later an echography revealed a local recurrence of the disease. The patient underwent adjuvant chemotherapy. The aggressive course of the disease is in agreement with the poor prognosis of squamous carcinomas of the renal pelvis as previously reported in the literature.
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