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Assessment of fracture risk with FRAX and FRAXplus.
Gac Med Mex
January 2025
Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
FRAX, a risk calculator that provides individualized 10-year probabilities of hip and major osteoporotic fracture, has been widely used for fracture risk assessment since its launch in 2008. It is now incorporated into very many guidelines worldwide to inform osteoporosis management. In this review, we explore the development of FRAX and how it enhances fracture risk prediction as compared to use of bone mineral density alone, as well as approaches to utilizing FRAX in determining intervention and assessment thresholds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of Infant Formula Supplemented With Prebiotics on the Gut Microbiome, Gut Environment, Growth Parameters, and Safety and Tolerance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Nutr Rev
January 2025
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, United States.
Context: Prebiotics are often added to infant formulas to mimic the benefits of oligosaccharides found in human milk.
Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of prebiotic-supplemented cow's milk-based formula on the gut microbiota, gut environment, growth parameters, and safety and tolerance in infants ≤6 months old, compared with a standard formula or human milk comparator.
Data Sources: Searches were performed in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses databases.
Higher magnesium depletion score increases the risk of all‑cause and cardiovascular mortality in US adults with diabetes.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Background: Both dietary magnesium and serum magnesium are associated with the prognosis of diabetic patients. However, the impact of the magnesium depletion score (MDS), which assesses systemic magnesium deficiency, on the prognosis of diabetic patients remains unclear. This cohort study aims to explore the potential association between the MDS and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in diabetic patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCausal inference of whole-grain foods' risk based on a generative adversarial network and Bayesian network.
J Food Sci
January 2025
School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
Whole-grain foods (WGFs) constitute a large part of humans' daily diet, making risk identification of WGFs important for health and safety. However, existing research on WGFs has paid more attention to revealing the effects of a single hazardous substance or various hazardous substances on food safety, neglecting the mutual influence between individual hazardous substances and between hazardous substances and basic information. Therefore, this paper proposes a causal inference of WGFs' risk based on a generative adversarial network (GAN) and Bayesian network (BN) to explore the mutual influence between hazardous substances and basic information.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAt-Home Immersive Virtual Reality Exergames to Reduce Cardiometabolic Risk Among Office Workers: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.
JMIR Res Protoc
January 2025
School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Japan.
Background: The worldwide rise in the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases has increased the recognition of the need to identify modifiable risk factors for preventing and managing these diseases. The office worker, as a representative group of physically inactive workers, is exposed to risk factors for metabolic syndrome, which is a primary driver of noncommunicable diseases. The use of virtual reality (VR) exergames may offer a potential solution to the problem of increasing noncommunicable disease prevalence, as it can help individuals increase their physical activity levels while providing a more immersive experience.
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